Haemophilic Arthropathy
Caused by recurrent hemarthrosis in hemophilia A/B leading to synovitis, cartilage loss, and arthritis. Target joints: knee, ankle, elbow—recurrent bleeds produce synovia...
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Comprehensive guide to Kirschner wire (K-wire) principles in orthopaedic surgery covering wire properties and sizes, biomechanical principles of fixation, insertion techniques, clinical applications by region, tension band wiring principle,...
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Caused by recurrent hemarthrosis in hemophilia A/B leading to synovitis, cartilage loss, and arthritis. Target joints: knee, ankle, elbow—recurrent bleeds produce synovia...
Pyogenic: acute pain, fever, rapid neuro deficit; disc involvement early. TB: insidious course, night sweats, cold abscess, vertebral collapse, gibbus deformity. MRI: pyo...
Most common primary malignant tumor of bone (plasma cell dyscrasia). CRAB features: hyperCalcemia, Renal failure, Anemia, Bone lesions (lytic). X‑ray: punched‑out lytic l...
Malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin; >50 histological subtypes. Enneking staging: based on grade (low/high), compartment (intra/extra), metastasis (I–III). Presentatio...
Surgical emergency: cartilage can be destroyed within 24–48 hours; prompt drainage + antibiotics is critical. Children: hematogenous origin common; hip/knee frequent; Sta...
Second most common osteoarticular TB after spine; insidious monoarthritis progressing through stages. Typical deformity: flexion, adduction, external rotation; muscle spa...
Common site of osteoarticular TB after spine and hip; presents with chronic monoarthritis. Phemister triad on X‑ray: peri‑articular osteopenia, marginal erosions, gradual...
Indicated in isolated medial/lateral compartment OA with intact ligaments. Advantages: smaller incision, bone preservation, faster rehab, more natural kinematics. Contrai...
Both indicated for isolated medial compartment OA in younger active patients. HTO: joint-preserving, shifts weight-bearing axis, delays arthroplasty. UKA: joint-replacing...
Gold standard for young active patients with ACL-deficient knee. Grafts: Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone (BTB), Hamstring (STG), Quadriceps tendon, Allograft. Tunnel drilling:...
Recurrent instability may follow failed Bankart repair. Causes: capsulolabral failure, glenoid bone loss, engaging Hill-Sachs. Workup: MRI, CT for bone loss quantificatio...
SLAP = Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior tear at the biceps anchor; pain is deep, activity‑related, with mechanical clicking. Snyder classification I–IV (and extensio...