Orthopaedic Wiki

Trauma 3 months ago

Hip Labral Tears — Classification, Diagnosis & Arthroscopic Management

Detailed guide to hip labral tears covering anatomy, Seldes/Czerny classification, clinical tests, MR arthrography, arthroscopic repair vs debridement vs reconstruction,...

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Trauma 3 months ago

Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) — Cam, Pincer & Mixed

Comprehensive guide to femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) covering cam, pincer, and mixed morphologies, alpha angle measurement, Tönnis grading, clinical assessment, cons...

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Tumor 4 months ago

Periosteal Reaction

Periosteal reactions are one of the most underrated signs on a plain X-ray. One look at the pattern tells you whether you're dealing with something benign and slow &mdash...

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Trauma 4 months ago

Perilunate Dislocation

Perilunate dislocations and fracture-dislocations are high-energy carpal injuries in which the lunate loses its normal articulation with the surrounding carpal bones — th...

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Trauma 4 months ago

Pisiform Fractures

The pisiform is a sesamoid bone located within the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) tendon on the medial side of the wrist, articulating with the triquetrum at the pisiotriquet...

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General 4 months ago

How to Read a Hip X-Ray — Systematic Approach

A comprehensive systematic approach to interpreting hip radiographs, covering patient positioning, anatomical landmarks, key lines and angles, pathological patterns, and...

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Trauma 4 months ago

Approach to Lytic Bone Lesions

A lytic bone lesion on X-ray should be approached systematically using five steps: patient age (the single most powerful clue — under 20 favours benign lesions, over 40 m...

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Tumor 4 months ago

Unhappy Triad of O'Donoghue

The unhappy triad (O'Donoghue triad) is a combined knee injury involving the ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus, classically caused by a valgus contact force on a planted foot...

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General 4 months ago

Tennis & Golfer’s Elbow

Tennis elbow = lateral epicondylitis (ECRB tendon origin degeneration). Golfer’s elbow = medial epicondylitis (flexor-pronator origin). Clinical: pain, tenderness,...

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General 4 months ago

Nerve Entrapments — Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

Second most common compression neuropathy after CTS; affects ulnar nerve at elbow. Symptoms: paresthesias in ulnar digits, weakness of intrinsic hand muscles. Tests: Tine...

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General 4 months ago

Rotator Cuff Tears — Repair Principles

Common in elderly and overhead athletes; supraspinatus most often torn. Clinical: pain, weakness in abduction/external rotation, night pain. Tests: Jobe’s, drop arm, exte...

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General 4 months ago

Mallet Finger & Jersey Finger

Mallet: extensor tendon avulsion at DIP → inability to extend. Jersey: FDP avulsion at DIP → inability to flex. Mallet mechanism: forced DIP flexion; Jersey: fo...

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