Evidence Search

Fibular fixation in mid and distal extra-articular tibia fractures - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Foot and ankle surgery : official journal of the European Society of Foot and Ankle Surgeons | 2022 | Kim RG, An VVG, Petchell JF

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Declarations of interest None. 12. Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil. 2024 Oct 16;15:21514593241294048. doi: 10.1177/2151459324...

Intramedullary nails versus sliding hip screws for AO/OTA 31-A2 trochanteric fractures in adults: A meta-analysis.

International journal of surgery (London, England) | 2017 | Zhu Q, Xu X, Yang X, Chen X

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 20. EFORT Open Rev. 2020 Feb 26;5(2):118-125. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190020. eCollection 2020 Feb. Fixation of AO-OTA 31-A1 and A2 trochanteric femur fractures using a sliding hip screw system: can we trust a two-hole side plate construct? A review of the literature. Vallon F(1), Gamulin A(1). Author information: (1)Division of Orthopaedic and Trauma Sur...

Fixation of AO-OTA 31-A1 and A2 trochanteric femur fractures using a sliding hip screw system: can we trust a two-hole side plate construct? A review of the literature.

EFORT open reviews | 2020 | Vallon F, Gamulin A

Conflict of interest statement: ICMJE Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest relevant to this work.

Comparison between locked and unlocked intramedullary nails in intertrochanteric fractures.

European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie | 2018 | Lanzetti RM, Caraffa A, Lupariello D, Ceccarini P

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 18. Acta Ortop Mex. 2019 May-Jun;33(3):169-172. [Orthopedic injuries associated with hip fracture]. [Article in Spanish; Abstract available in Spanish from the publisher] Zyman-Corenstein J(1), Martínez-Del Campo Sánchez A(2). Author information: (1)Servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatología, Hospital Ángeles Lomas.. Ciudad de México. (2)Hospital de Traumatolog...

Unstable pertrochanteric femoral fractures.

Journal of orthopaedic trauma | 2014 | Kregor PJ, Obremskey WT, Kreder HJ, Swiontkowski MF

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 4. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2025 Aug 18;35(1):352. doi: 10.1007/s00590-025-04478-z. Radiographic and clinical outcomes of traumatic subtrochanteric femur fracture fixation and reduction methods. White M(1), Dejenie R(2), Tse S(3), Brooks B(2), Scott M(3), Chavez G(3), McKeithan L(3), Saade A(3), Simister SK(3), Campbell ST(3), Soles G(3), Fitzpatrick E...

Concordance of surgical treatment with AO/OTA subclassification in intertrochanteric femoral fractures

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research | 2026 | Yüksel Topkaya, Vadym Zhamilov, Özgür Uslu, Yunus Emre Özdemir

Finite‐Element Comparison of a Proximal Femoral Laterally Bionic Intramedullary Nail ( PFLBN ) Versus PFNA and PFBN for AO / OTA 31‐ A3 .1 Intertrochanteric Fractures

Orthopaedic Surgery | 2026 | Chen Xiong, Lijia Zhang, Xiaofeng Chen, Xiaomeng Zhang

ABSTRACT Objective The proximal femoral laterally bionic intramedullary nail (PFLBN) is a novel cephalomedullary fixation system incorporating an additional lateral wall screw. This study aimed to compare the stress distribution and displacement characteristics of PFLBN with those of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and proximal femoral bionic nail (PFBN) in AO/OTA 31‐...

Radiographic and clinical outcomes of traumatic subtrochanteric femur fracture fixation and reduction methods.

European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie | 2025 | White M, Dejenie R, Tse S, Brooks B

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. 5. J Orthop Sci. 2024 Jul;29(4):1073-1077. doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2023.05.010. Epub 2023 Jun 15. AO/OTA 31A3 fractures and postoperative complications in older patients. Yamanaka T(1), Matsumura T(2), Ae R(3), Takeshita K(1). Author i...

Classfication of Hip Fractures: Neck of Femur, Intertrochanteric, and Subtrochanteric Fractures

Nepal Orthopedic Association Journal | 2025 | Laxman Rijal

Fractures around the hip are common injuries seen in orthopedic practice, particularly in the elderly population. These fractures include femoral neck, intertrochanteric, and subtrochanteric fractures. These fractures are often associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic burden due to prolonged immobilization and loss of independence in physiologically a...

AO/OTA 31A3 fractures and postoperative complications in older patients.

Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association | 2024 | Yamanaka T, Matsumura T, Ae R, Takeshita K

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. 6. Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 26;13(1):12090. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-38667-9. Influencing factors on morbidity and mortality in intertrochanteric fractures. Babagoli M(1), Ghaseminejad Raeini A(2), Sheykhvatan M(2), Baghdadi S(3), Shafiei S...

Irreducible Intertrochanteric Fractures: Analysis of Various Fracture Patterns and Reduction Techniques.

Cureus | 2024 | Gupta A, Rai D

Conflict of interest statement: Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. PSG Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Coimbatore issued approval PSG/IHEC/2023/Qry/035/EXP, dated 20/02/23. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Confl...

Hip Fracture Patterns, Hospital Course, and Mortality Differ Between Males and Females.

Geriatric orthopaedic surgery & rehabilitation | 2024 | Doxey SA, Kibble K, Kleinsmith RM, Huyke-Hernández FA

Conflict of interest statement: The author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Dr. Cunningham’s spouse is the CEO and founder of CODE Technology. Dr Cunningham is a member of the AAOS Health Care Systems and Patient-reported Outcome Measures Committees as well as the chair of the...

Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures: The Association Between Obesity and Perioperative, Clinical, and Radiographic Outcomes.

Journal of orthopaedic trauma | 2024 | Merrell LA, Gibbons K, Ganta A, Konda SR

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors report no conflict of interest. 15. Clin Orthop Surg. 2024 Apr;16(2):194-200. doi: 10.4055/cios23204. Epub 2024 Feb 16. Intertrochanteric (Reverse Oblique) Fracture Subclassifications AO/OTA 31-A3 Have No Effect on Outcomes or Postoperative Complications. Factor S(1), Elbaz E(1), Kazum E(1), Pardo I(1), Morgan S(...

Intertrochanteric (Reverse Oblique) Fracture Subclassifications AO/OTA 31-A3 Have No Effect on Outcomes or Postoperative Complications.

Clinics in orthopedic surgery | 2024 | Factor S, Elbaz E, Kazum E, Pardo I

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: CONFLICT OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. 16. J Orthop Trauma. 2005 Jan;19(1):63-6. doi: 10.1097/00005131-200501000-00014. Unstable pertrochanteric femoral fractures. Kregor PJ(1), Obremskey WT, Kreder HJ, Swiontkowski MF; Evidence-Based Orthopaedic Trauma Working Group. A...

A Novel Internal Fixation Design for the Treatment of AO/OTA‐31A3.3 Intertrochanteric Fractures: Finite Element Analysis

Orthopaedic Surgery | 2024 | Xiaofeng Chen, Miaotian Tang, Xiaomeng Zhang, Yichong Zhang

ObjectiveAO/OTA 31‐A3.3 intertrochanteric fracture is the most unstable type of intertrochanteric fracture, with a high rate of postoperative complications and implant failure. We have designed a new intramedullary fixation, proximal femoral totally bionic nail (PFTBN), for the treatment of A3.3 intertrochanteric fracture. To test its biomechanical performance, we adopted the m...

Influencing factors on morbidity and mortality in intertrochanteric fractures.

Scientific reports | 2023 | Babagoli M, Ghaseminejad Raeini A, Sheykhvatan M, Baghdadi S

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no competing interests. 7. Orthop Rev (Pavia). 2022 Oct 13;14(6):38560. doi: 10.52965/001c.38560. eCollection 2022. Cephalomedullary nailing for reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures 31A3 (AO/OTA). Marsillo E(1), Pintore A(1), Asparago G(1), Oliva F(1), Maffulli N(2). Author information: (1)Departme...

Pediatric Pelvic and Acetabular Fractures: Discerning Severity by Classification and Clinical Management.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics | 2023 | Igboechi O, Purtell SR, Carry P, Sanders JS

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. 9. Injury. 2022 Feb;53(2):440-444. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.12.009. Epub 2021 Dec 8. Trauma Risk Score Matching for Observational Studies in Orthopedic Trauma. Parola R(1), Ganta A(2), Egol KA(2), Konda SR(3). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone...

Cephalomedullary nailing for reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures 31A3 (AO/OTA).

Orthopedic reviews | 2022 | Marsillo E, Pintore A, Asparago G, Oliva F

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest 8. J Pediatr Orthop. 2023 Aug 1;43(7):424-430. doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000002426. Epub 2023 May 3. Pediatric Pelvic and Acetabular Fractures: Discerning Severity by Classification and Clinical Management. Igboechi O(1), Purtell SR(2), Carry P(2), Sanders JS(3). Author information: (1)Depa...

Trauma Risk Score Matching for Observational Studies in Orthopedic Trauma.

Injury | 2022 | Parola R, Ganta A, Egol KA, Konda SR

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of Competing Interest None 10. Cureus. 2024 Dec 3;16(12):e75014. doi: 10.7759/cureus.75014. eCollection 2024 Dec. Irreducible Intertrochanteric Fractures: Analysis of Various Fracture Patterns and Reduction Techniques. Gupta A(1), Rai D(2). Author information: (1)Orthopaedics, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences an...

Choosing Device in Intertrochanteric Fracture Based on AO/OTA Classification: Educational Corner

Journal of Orthopedic and Spine Trauma | 2022 | Milad Salehi, Alireza Moharrami, Nima Hosseini Zare, Mir Mansour Moazen Jamshidi

The article's abstract is not available.

Fracture reduction has a dominant effect over cerclage wiring in increasing stiffness of intertrochanteric OTA/AO 31-A3.1 (reverse oblique) fractures managed with cephalomedullary osteosynthesis

OTA International: The Open Access Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma | 2021 | Wayne Hoskins, Sheldon Moniz, Robert Day, Alex Hayes

Abstract Objectives: To investigate the mechanical properties of cephalomedullary nailing of intertrochanteric OTA/AO 31-A3.1 (reverse oblique) fractures and to test the hypothesis that anatomical reduction and augmentation with cerclage wire produces a more stable construct. Methods: A standardized fracture model in composite saw bone was created to stimulate an intertrochaner...

AO/OTA classification of acetabular fractures

Radiopaedia.org | 2021 | Joachim Feger

Unstable pertrochanteric femoral fractures.

Journal of orthopaedic trauma | 2005 | Kregor PJ, Obremskey WT, Kreder HJ, Swiontkowski MF

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 17. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2018 May;28(4):649-658. doi: 10.1007/s00590-018-2143-9. Epub 2018 Feb 9. Comparison between locked and unlocked intramedullary nails in intertrochanteric fractures. Lanzetti RM(1), Caraffa A(2), Lupariello D(3), Ceccarini P(2), Gambaracci G(4), Meccariello L(5), Manfreda F(2), Maiettini D(4), Vicente CI(2), Scialpi M(4), Bi...

Predictors and reduction techniques for irreducible reverse intertrochanteric fractures.

Chinese medical journal | 2019 | Hao YL, Zhang ZS, Zhou F, Ji HQ

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 14. J Orthop Trauma. 2024 Jul 1;38(7):366-372. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000002813. Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures: The Association Between Obesity and Perioperative, Clinical, and Radiographic Outcomes. Merrell LA(1), Gibbons K(1), Ganta A(1)(2), Konda SR(1)(2), Egol KA(1)(2). Author information: (1)Division of Orthopedic Trauma Surgery, Department of Orth...

[Orthopedic injuries associated with hip fracture].

Acta ortopedica mexicana | 2019 | Zyman-Corenstein J, Martínez-Del Campo Sánchez A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 19. Int J Surg. 2017 Jul;43:67-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.05.042. Epub 2017 May 23. Intramedullary nails versus sliding hip screws for AO/OTA 31-A2 trochanteric fractures in adults: A meta-analysis. Zhu Q(1), Xu X(1), Yang X(1), Chen X(1), Wang L(1), Liu C(1), Lin P(2). Author information: (1)Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship H...

Acute management of complex tibial pilon fractures (AO/OTA 43-C)

The Egyptian Orthopaedic Journal | 2019 | AhmedO Youssef

Intertrochanteric Femur Fractures

Orthopedic Traumatology | 2018 | Hassan R. Mir

Fracture reduction with positive medial cortical support: a key element in stability reconstruction for the unstable pertrochanteric hip fractures.

Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery | 2015 | Chang SM, Zhang YQ, Ma Z, Li Q

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. J Orthop Trauma. 2014 Aug;28 Suppl 8:S25-8. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000000187. Unstable pertrochanteric femoral fractures. Kregor PJ(1), Obremskey WT, Kreder HJ, Swiontkowski MF. Author information: (1)*Division of Orthopaedic Trauma, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; †Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,...

Treatment of AO/OTA 31-A3 intertrochanteric femoral fractures with a percutaneous compression plate

Clinics | 2014 | Fei Luo, Jie Shen, Jianzhong Xu, Shiwu Dong

Lateral femoral wall thickness. A reliable predictor of post-operative lateral wall fracture in intertrochanteric fractures.

The bone & joint journal | 2013 | Hsu CE, Shih CM, Wang CC, Huang KC

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 2. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2015 Jun;135(6):811-8. doi: 10.1007/s00402-015-2206-x. Epub 2015 Apr 4. Fracture reduction with positive medial cortical support: a key element in stability reconstruction for the unstable pertrochanteric hip fractures. Chang SM(1), Zhang YQ, Ma Z, Li Q, Dargel J, Eysel P. Author information: (1)The Department of Orthopaedic Sur...

External fixation of “intertrochanteric” fractures

Orthopedic Review | 2009

Early Limited Internal Fixation of Diaphyseal Extensions in Select Pilon Fractures: Upgrading AO/OTA Type C Fractures to AO/OTA Type B

Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma | 2008 | Robert P Dunbar, David P Barei, Erik N Kubiak, Sean E Nork

Subtrochanteric—Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures

Orthopedic Clinics of North America | 1987 | Peter G. Trafton