Evidence Search

Current Non-operative Management of Shoulder Pathologies: A Narrative Review.

Cureus | 2025 | Vargas-Figueroa RA, Rodríguez-Reyes D, Luigi Martinez HE, Vazquez-Lloret AS

Conflict of interest statement: Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at presen...

Superior labrum anterior to posterior lesions: Part 2 - Classification with arthroscopic correlation.

SA journal of radiology | 2023 | Mercouris P, Mercouris M

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationships that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article. 10. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2023 May;32(5):e179-e190. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2022.12.015. Epub 2023 Jan 19. American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons SLAP/Biceps Anchor Study Group evidence review: pathoanatomy an...

American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons SLAP/Biceps Anchor Study Group evidence review: pathoanatomy and diagnosis in clinically significant labral injuries.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery | 2023 | Eichinger JK, Li X, Cohen SB, Baker CL 3rd

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 11. Radiol Res Pract. 2022 Jan 11;2022:4009829. doi: 10.1155/2022/4009829. eCollection 2022. Imaging Review of Subscapularis Tendon and Rotator Interval Pathology. Ahmad ZY(1), Diaz LE(2), Roemer FW(3), Goud A(2), Guermazi A(1)(2). Author information: (1)Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118,...

Superior labrum anterior to posterior lesions: Part 1 - Imaging and anatomy with arthroscopic classification.

SA journal of radiology | 2023 | Mercouris P, Mercouris M

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationships that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article. 14. Eur J Radiol. 2000 Aug;35(2):119-25. doi: 10.1016/s0720-048x(00)00227-8. Imaging of degenerative and posttraumatic disease in the shoulder joint with ultrasound. Zanetti M(1), Hodler J. Author inform...

Physical tests for shoulder impingements and local lesions of bursa, tendon or labrum that may accompany impingement.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews | 2013 | Hanchard NC, Lenza M, Handoll HH, Takwoingi Y

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: None known. Nigel Hanchard has recently completed a study on the diagnostic accuracy of physical tests for subacromial and internal shoulder impingement. The ‘reference’ test was ultrasound guided injection of local anaesthetic into the subacromial bursa and shoulder joint.

Poster 178: Outcomes of SLAP Repair vs. Biceps Tenodesis of SLAP Lesions in Females: A Retrospective Review

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2023 | Matthew Wallingford, Emma Johnson, John Sonnier, William Johns

Objectives: When surgically managing superior labrum from anterior to posterior (SLAP) tears, there is no consensus on whether SLAP repair or biceps tenodesis yields superior long term outcomes. Additionally, no previous studies have specifically examined outcomes of these procedures in female patients, despite evidence of sex-based differences in recovery following orthopedic...

Imaging Review of Subscapularis Tendon and Rotator Interval Pathology.

Radiology research and practice | 2022 | Ahmad ZY, Diaz LE, Roemer FW, Goud A

Conflict of interest statement: Ali Guermazi and Frank W. Roemer are shareholders at Boston Imaging Core Lab, LLC. Ali Guermazi is a consultant with Pfizer, TissueGene, Galapagos, Merck Serono, Roche, and AstraZeneca. 12. Clin Sports Med. 2008 Oct;27(4):747-62. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2008.07.005. Long head of biceps tendon pathology: management alternatives. Hsu SH(1), Miller SL, C...

SLAP tears and return to sport and work: current concepts.

Journal of ISAKOS : joint disorders & orthopaedic sports medicine | 2021 | LeVasseur MR, Mancini MR, Hawthorne BC, Romeo AA

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Competing interests: AAR provides research support for Arthrex, Inc. and Northwell Health. AAR is a paid consultant for Arthrex, Inc. and Paragen Technologies. AAR receives royalties from Saunders/Mosby-Elsevier. N.N.V. and Arthrex, Inc. AAR is a stockholder in Healthpoint Capital, DuPage Medical Group and Paragen Technologi...

Effectiveness of biceps tenodesis versus SLAP repair for surgical treatment of isolated SLAP lesions: A systemic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Orthopaedic Translation | 2019 | Min Li, Atik Badshah Shaikh, Jinbo Sun, Peng Shang

Physical examination tests of the shoulder: a systematic review with meta-analysis of individual tests.

British journal of sports medicine | 2008 | Hegedus EJ, Goode A, Campbell S, Morin A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. Cureus. 2025 Dec 5;17(12):e98500. doi: 10.7759/cureus.98500. eCollection 2025 Dec. Current Non-operative Management of Shoulder Pathologies: A Narrative Review. Vargas-Figueroa RA(1)(2), Rodríguez-Reyes D(1), Luigi Martinez HE(1), Vazquez-Lloret AS(1), Señeriz Ortiz R(1). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ponce Health Sciences Un...

Glenoid labrum pathology.

Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research : OTSR | 2015 | Clavert P

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 5. Orthopade. 2000 Oct;29(10):917-27. Obere Labrumpathologie beim Sportler. [Article in German] Imhoff AB(1), Agneskirchner JD, Konig U, Temme C, Ottl G, McFarland EG. Author information: (1)Abteilung fur Sportorthopadie, Technische Universitat|| Munchen (TUM), Connollystrasse 32, 80809, Munchen.|| A.lmhoff@lrz.tum.de Since their first description several...

Biceps Tendon Dislocation and Instability.

Journal unavailable | 2026 | Varacallo MA, Mair SD

Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: Matthew Varacallo declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Scott Mair declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. 19. Radiologia. 2007 Mar-Apr;49(2):63-81. doi: 10.1016/s0033-8338(07)73727-x. [Magnetic resonance imaging of glenohumeral instability: new concepts]. [...

Editorial Commentary: Outcomes After SLAP Repair and Biceps Tenodesis Are Unpredictable for Throwing Athletes With SLAP Lesions

Arthroscopy | 2025 | Patrick J. Tansey

Abstract SLAP tears have been associated with pain, poor performance, and missed playing time for decades. Treatment of SLAP tears in the throwing athlete, particularly baseball pitchers, remains a significant challenge. As few as 7% of baseball players are able to return to elite‐level performance after a SLAP repair. The throwing athlete must repeatedly orchestrate a sequence...

Proximal Biceps Pathology and SLAP Lesions

Orthopaedics and Trauma | 2024 | Pablo Adelino Narbona

Biceps tendon and superior labrum injuries: decision making.

Instructional course lectures | 2008 | Barber FA, Field LD, Ryu RK

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 8. Eur J Radiol. 2000 Aug;35(2):88-102. doi: 10.1016/s0720-048x(00)00225-4. Anatomical basics, variations, and degenerative changes of the shoulder joint and shoulder girdle. Prescher A(1). Author information: (1)Department of Anatomy, University of Aachen, 52057, Aachen, Germany. dkeyserlingk@post.klinikum.rwth-aachen.de This paper summarizes the anatomic...

Long head of biceps tendon pathology: management alternatives.

Clinics in sports medicine | 2008 | Hsu SH, Miller SL, Curtis AS

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 13. SA J Radiol. 2023 Oct 26;27(1):2706. doi: 10.4102/sajr.v27i1.2706. eCollection 2023. Superior labrum anterior to posterior lesions: Part 1 - Imaging and anatomy with arthroscopic classification. Mercouris P(1), Mercouris M(2). Author information: (1)Diagnostic Radiologist, Lake, Smit & Partners, Gateway Private Hospital, Durban, South Africa. (2)Depart...

[Magnetic resonance imaging of glenohumeral instability: new concepts].

Radiologia | 2007 | Beltrán J, Herrero P

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 20. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Apr 30;2013(4):CD007427. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007427.pub2. Physical tests for shoulder impingements and local lesions of bursa, tendon or labrum that may accompany impingement. Hanchard NC(1), Lenza M, Handoll HH, Takwoingi Y. Author information: (1)Health and Social Care Institute, Teesside University, Middlesbrough...

SLAP Lesions and Biceps Tendon Pathology

MRI-Arthroscopy Correlations | 2022 | Ian A. Backlund, Brian C. Werner

SLAP Repair Versus Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis for Isolated SLAP Type 2 Lesions in Overhead Athletes Younger Than 35 Years: Comparison of Minimum 2-Year Outcomes

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2022 | Lucca Lacheta, Marilee P. Horan, Philip C. Nolte, Brandon T. Goldenberg

Background: It remains unclear if young overhead athletes with isolated superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) type 2 lesions benefit more from SLAP repair or subpectoral biceps tenodesis. Purpose: To evaluate clinical outcomes and return to sport in overhead athletes with symptomatic SLAP type 2 lesions who underwent either biceps tenodesis or SLAP repair. Study Design: Coh...

Superior Labrum Anterior-Posterior (SLAP) Repair Versus Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis for Isolated SLAP II Lesions in Overhead Athletes Aged Younger 35 Years: A Comparison of Minimum Two-Year Outcomes

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2020 | Marilee Horan, Travis Dekker, Brandon Goldenberg, Grant Dornan

Objectives: In young overhead athletes with isolated superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) type II lesions it remains unclear if patients benefit more from either SLAP repair or biceps tenodesis. The purpose of our study is to evaluate clinical outcomes and return to sports rates in overhead athletes suffering from symptomatic SLAP type II lesions who have undergone either...

All-Arthroscopic Reconstruction of Severe Chronic Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocations.

Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association | 2019 | Boileau P, Gastaud O, Wilson A, Trojani C

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 17. Radiologe. 2010 May;50(5):453-9. doi: 10.1007/s00117-009-1937-5. [Shoulder injuries in overhead sports]. [Article in German] Wörtler K(1). Author information: (1)Institut für Röntgendiagnostik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str.22, 81675, München. woertler@roe.med.tum.de Overhead sport places great demands on the...

Proximal Biceps Pathologies: SLAP Lesions, Pulley Lesions, and Biceps Tenosynovitis

Advanced Techniques in Shoulder Arthroscopy | 2019 | J. Christoph Katthagen, Peter J. Millett

Rehabilitation for Biceps Tendon Disorders and SLAP Lesions

Clinical Orthopaedic Rehabilitation: a Team Approach | 2018 | Geoffrey S. Van Thiel, Sanjeev Bhatia, Neil S. Ghodadra, Jonathan Yong Kim

Diagnosis and Management of the Biceps-Labral Complex.

Instructional course lectures | 2017 | Thorsness RJ, Romeo AA

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 7. Instr Course Lect. 2008;57:527-38. Biceps tendon and superior labrum injuries: decision making. Barber FA(1), Field LD, Ryu RK. Author information: (1)Plano Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Center, Plano, Texas, USA. Although the anatomy of the biceps tendon and the restraining structures within the rotator interval are well defined, biceps function is n...

MRI to Arthroscopy Correlations in SLAP Lesions and Long Head Biceps Pathology

Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review | 2017 | K. Linnea Welton, Justin H. Bartley, Nancy M. Major, Eric C. McCarty

Superior labral anterior and posterior lesions and long head biceps injury are 2 common sources of shoulder pain. The presenting complaints and physical examination findings for these etiologies are often nonspecific, making diagnosis challenging. Further complicating their diagnoses, these 2 pathologies often cooccur together or with other shoulder pathologies such as subacrom...

Anatomical basics, variations, and degenerative changes of the shoulder joint and shoulder girdle.

European journal of radiology | 2000 | Prescher A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 9. SA J Radiol. 2023 Nov 28;27(1):2707. doi: 10.4102/sajr.v27i1.2707. eCollection 2023. Superior labrum anterior to posterior lesions: Part 2 - Classification with arthroscopic correlation. Mercouris P(1), Mercouris M(2). Author information: (1)Diagnotic Radiologist, Lake, Smit and Partners, Gateway Private Hospital, Durban, South Africa. (2)Department of...

Imaging of degenerative and posttraumatic disease in the shoulder joint with ultrasound.

European journal of radiology | 2000 | Zanetti M, Hodler J

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 15. Clin Sports Med. 2000 Jan;19(1):125-58. doi: 10.1016/s0278-5919(05)70300-8. Shoulder injuries in overhead athletes. The "dead arm" revisited. Burkhart SS(1), Morgan CD, Kibler WB. Author information: (1)Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. The following statements summarize this article: Three distinct categories of Type 2 SLAP lesions exis...

Shoulder injuries in overhead athletes. The "dead arm" revisited.

Clinics in sports medicine | 2000 | Burkhart SS, Morgan CD, Kibler WB

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 16. Arthroscopy. 2019 May;35(5):1324-1335. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2018.11.058. All-Arthroscopic Reconstruction of Severe Chronic Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocations. Boileau P(1), Gastaud O(2), Wilson A(2), Trojani C(2), Bronsard N(2). Author information: (1)iULS (Institut Universitaire Locomoteur et du Sport), Hôpital Pasteur 2, University Côte d'Azur, Ni...

SLAP Lesions and Biceps Tendon Pathology

MRI-Arthroscopy Correlations | 2015 | Brian C. Werner, Stephen F. Brockmeier

Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis For The Treatment Of Type Two And Four Slap Lesions

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2014 | Michael Brandon Gottschalk, Spero G. Karas, Timothy N. Ghattas, Rachel Burdette

Objectives: Despite unsatisfactory outcomes in middle aged patients with SLAP lesions, surgical repair remains the gold standard for most Type II and Type IV SLAP lesions. Given recent data demonstrating higher SLAP repair failure rates in this subset of patients, biceps tenodesis may offer an excellent alternative. To our knowledge, only one study has investigated biceps tenod...

Low Association Between SLAP and Biceps Pulley Lesions

JBJS Orthopaedic Highlights: Sports Medicine | 2011 | Shane J. Nho

[Shoulder injuries in overhead sports].

Der Radiologe | 2010 | Wörtler K

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 18. Biceps Tendon Dislocation and Instability. Varacallo MA(1), Mair SD(2). In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–. 2023 Nov 22. Author information: (1)Penn Highlands Healthcare System (2)Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, UK The long head of the biceps brachii tendon (LHBT) is a common source of pain in the shoulder....

Arthroscopy and SLAP-Biceps Lesions

Examination of the Shoulder | 2006

Accuracy of the Speed's and Yergason's tests in detecting biceps pathology and SLAP lesions: comparison with arthroscopic findings

Arthroscopy | 2004 | Richard Holtby, Helen Razmjou

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore and describe reasons for variation in diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests using Yergason's and Speed's tests in predicting biceps tendon pathology and SLAP lesions. Shoulder arthroscopy was used as the gold standard. Type of study Prospective blinded study of consecutive patients with a wide spectrum of shoulder condit...

Obere Labrumpathologie beim Sportler.

Der Orthopade | 2000 | Imhoff AB, Agneskirchner JD, Konig U, Temme C

6. Instr Course Lect. 2017 Feb 15;66:65-77. Diagnosis and Management of the Biceps-Labral Complex. Thorsness RJ(1), Romeo AA. Author information: (1)Shoulder and Elbow, Sports Medicine, Hinsdale Orthopaedics, Joliet, Illinois. The long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) is a common source of pathology. The biceps-labral complex (BLC) is the collective anatomic and clinical featur...