Fracture Healing — Biology & Timelines
Phases: inflammation → soft callus (cartilage) → hard callus (woven bone) → remodeling (lamellar). Primary (direct) vs secondary (indirect) healing; absolute vs relative stability concepts. Cell sources: periosteum (key), endosteum, marrow, surrounding soft tissues. Mechanical environment (strain theory) dictates tissue type; too much motion → nonunion. Timelines vary by bone/age/blood supply—tibia slower than femur; smokers/NSAIDs may delay.
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10What is the primary mechanism of bone healing during the inflammatory phase of fracture healing?
mcqDuring which phase of secondary fracture healing does the soft callus form?
mcqWhich type of fracture healing occurs with absolute stability at the fracture site?
mcqWhat is the primary biological function of the hematoma formed immediately after a fracture?
mcqWhich of the following factors can impair healing during the inflammatory phase?
mcqIn secondary fracture healing, what is the primary role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)?
mcqWhat mechanical environment is most conducive to secondary fracture healing?
mcqWhich phase of secondary fracture healing is characterized by the transition from fibrocartilage to woven bone...
mcqWhat is the primary source of cells for the formation of the periosteal callus during fracture healing?
mcqWhich of the following bones would generally heal the slowest after a fracture?