Degenerative osteoarthritis of the 1st MTP joint causing dorsal osteophytes, stiffness, and pain—especially with push‑off. Coughlin–Shurnas clinical–radiographic grading guides treatment (Grade 1: mild stiffness → Grade 4: severe stiffness with sesamoid involvement/near ankylosis). Cheilectomy ± Moberg (dorsal closing wedge) osteotomy for low‑grade disease; 1st MTP arthrodesis is the gold standard for advanced disease in active patients. Arthroplasty/hemicap considered selectively in low‑demand patients; interposition arthroplasty an option when motion preservation is desired but implants unsuitable.
What is the primary characteristic of hallux rigidus?
Which grading system is most commonly used to classify hallux rigidus?
In which grade of hallux rigidus is cheilectomy the preferred surgical option?
What is the gold standard surgical treatment for advanced hallux rigidus (Grades 3 and 4)?
Which of the following is the typical range of dorsiflexion loss seen in Grade 2 hallux rigidus?
What compensatory gait change might a patient with hallux rigidus exhibit due to loss of dorsiflexion?
What is the typical incidence of hallux rigidus in adults over 50 years of age?
Which non-operative management strategy is typically recommended for early-stage hallux rigidus?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing hallux rigidus?
Which of the following is a common physical exam finding in hallux rigidus?
