Early detection with Barlow/Ortolani; ultrasound (Graf) guides treatment under 6 months. Pavlik harness is first‑line for reducible dislocation under ~6 months; avoid excessive extension/abduction to reduce AVN risk. Failed Pavlik → closed reduction and spica; if unstable/obstructed, open reduction with capsulorrhaphy and femoral shortening/derotation as needed. Residual acetabular dysplasia treated with pelvic osteotomies (Salter, Pemberton, Dega) based on age and pathology. Complications: AVN (Kalamchi‑MacEwen), redislocation, stiffness, femoral nerve palsy with Pavlik.
Introduction Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head, also known as osteonecrosis, is a condition characterized by death of bone tissue due...
Case Presentation A 40-year-old male presented with progressive pain in the right hip for the past one year. The pain was initially mild but grad...
What is the first-line treatment for reducible developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants under 6 months?
Which clinical test is used to detect a dislocatable hip in infants?
What complication is associated with excessive hip abduction and extension in a Pavlik harness?
In which situation would you consider performing an open reduction for DDH?
Which imaging modality is most useful for diagnosing DDH in infants under 6 months?
What is the most common risk factor for developmental dysplasia of the hip?
What is the primary goal of treatment for residual acetabular dysplasia in older children?
Which sign indicates a dislocated hip when comparing knee heights in a supine infant?
What is the Kalamchi-MacEwen classification primarily used for?
What is the most important factor in the successful treatment of DDH?
