Evidence Search

Management of first-time patellar dislocation: The ESSKA 2024 formal consensus-Part 2.

Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA | 2025 | Balcarek P, Blønd L, Beaufils P, Askenberger M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Peter Balcarek reports consulting for Arthrex. Philippe Beaufils serves as the ESSKA Consensus Projects Advisor. Florian Dirisamer reports consulting for Arthrex and receives royalties from Arthrex Inc. Rene El Attal reports consulting for Arthrex, DepuySynthes and ZimmerBiomet. Geert Pagenstert reports consulting for DepuyS...

Hardware-free MPFL reconstruction in patients with recurrent patellofemoral instability is safe and effective.

Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research | 2022 | Marín Fermín T, Migliorini F, Kalifis G, Zikria BA

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. 9. Bone Joint J. 2017 Feb;99-B(2):159-170. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.99B2.BJJ-2016-0256.R1. Adolescent patellar instability: current concepts review. Clark D(1), Metcalfe A(2), Wogan C(3), Mandalia V(4), Eldridge J(3). Author information: (1)Foothills Medical Centre,...

Combined medial patellofemoral and medial patellotibial reconstruction for patellar instability: a PRISMA systematic review.

Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research | 2020 | Aicale R, Maffulli N

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interest.

Is fascia lata a viable graft for MPFL reconstruction? An overview of surgical technique and scoping literature review.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) | 2024 | Zachariou D, Karampinas P, Varsamos I, Galanis A

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. 17. Clin Sports Med. 2014 Jul;33(3):501-16. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2014.03.006. Epub 2014 May 20. MPFL reconstruction: technique and results. Reagan J(1), Kullar R(1), Burks R(2). Author informatio...

Patellar Dislocation: Workup and Decision-Making.

Cureus | 2023 | Samelis PV, Koulouvaris P, Savvidou O, Mavrogenis A

Conflict of interest statement: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. 7. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2018 Jun;11(2):201-208. doi: 10.1007/s12178-018-9475-2. The medial patellofemoral complex. Loeb AE(1), Tanaka MJ(2). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, 601 N. Caroline Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA....

Patellofemoral Instability in the Pediatric Population.

Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine | 2023 | Vivekanantha P, Cohen D, Peterson D, de Sa D

Conflict of interest statement: Prushoth Vivekanantha declares that he has no conflict of interest. Dr. Dan Cohen declares that he has no conflicts of interest. Dr. Devin Peterson declares that he has no conflicts of interest. Dr. Darren de SA is an advisory board member for Heron Therapeutics, a consultant for L.E.K Consulting, Atheneum Partners, and Stryker. He is a speaker f...

Evaluation and management of patellar instability.

Annals of joint | 2022 | Dennis ER, Gruber S, Marmor WA, Shubin Stein BE

Conflict of interest statement: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/aoj-2020-02). The series “Sports Related Injuries of the Female Athlete” was commissioned by the editorial office without any funding or sponsorship. BESS reports personal fees from Arthrex, outside the submitted work. In a...

Return to Play Considerations After Patellar Instability.

Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine | 2022 | Lampros RE, Tanaka MJ

Conflict of interest statement: The authors did not receive any funding or grants in support of the research for or preparation of this work. The authors declare no conflict of interest. 16. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2024 Nov 14;86(12):7299-7304. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002731. eCollection 2024 Dec. Is fascia lata a viable graft for MPFL reconstruction? An overview of surgical te...

A Retrospective Review of Paediatric MPFL Reconstruction Surgery for Recurrent Patella Instability

OrthoMedia | 2021

A Retrospective Review of Paediatric MPFL Reconstruction Surgery for Recurrent Patella Instability

OrthoMedia | 2021

MPFL in First-Time Dislocators.

Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine | 2018 | Shubin Stein BE, Gruber S, Brady JM

Conflict of interest statement: CONFLICT OF INTEREST: Beth E. Shubin Stein is a consultant for Arthrex and a member of the nominating committee for AOSSM. Simone Gruber and Jacqueline M. Brady declare that they have no conflicts of interest. HUMAN AND ANIMAL RIGHTS AND INFORMED CONSENT: This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of...

The medial patellofemoral complex.

Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine | 2018 | Loeb AE, Tanaka MJ

Conflict of interest statement: CONFLICT OF INTEREST: Both authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. HUMAN AND ANIMAL RIGHTS AND INFORMED CONSENT: All reported studies/experiments with human or animal subjects performed by the authors have been previously published and complied with all applicable ethical standards (including the Helsinki declaration and its amend...

Recent developments in evaluation and treatment of lateral patellar instability.

Journal of experimental orthopaedics | 2018 | Zimmerer A, Sobau C, Balcarek P

Conflict of interest statement: ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: Not applicable CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. 20. J Orthop Surg Res. 2020 Nov...

Rehabilitation After Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction.

Sports medicine and arthroscopy review | 2017 | McGee TG, Cosgarea AJ, McLaughlin K, Tanaka M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 2. Patellar Instability. Wolfe S(1), Varacallo MA(2), Thomas JD, Carroll JJ(3), Kahwaji CI(4). In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–. 2023 Sep 4. Author information: (1)Kaweah Delta Graduate Medical Education (2)Penn Highlands Healthcare System (3)Michigan State University/McLaren Macomb Hospital (4)Universtity o...

Adolescent patellar instability: current concepts review.

The bone & joint journal | 2017 | Clark D, Metcalfe A, Wogan C, Mandalia V

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 10. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2023 Jul;16(7):255-262. doi: 10.1007/s12178-023-09836-0. Epub 2023 Apr 18. Patellofemoral Instability in the Pediatric Population. Vivekanantha P(1), Cohen D(2), Peterson D(2), de Sa D(2). Author information: (1)Michael DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W, Hamilton, ON, Canada. prushoth.vivek...

Imaging assessment of patellar instability and its treatment in children and adolescents.

Pediatric radiology | 2016 | Meyers AB, Laor T, Sharafinski M, Zbojniewicz AM

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 13. Video J Sports Med. 2022 Jan 4;2(1):26350254211035396. doi: 10.1177/26350254211035396. eCollection 2022 Jan-Feb. Complex Patellofemoral Reconstruction for Recurrent Instability. Floyd ER(1)(2), Kennedy NI(3), Tagliero AJ(3), Carlson GB(1), LaPrade RF(1). Author information: (1)Twin Cities Orthopedics, Edina-Crosstown, Edina, Minnesota, USA. (2)Georgeto...

MPFL reconstruction: technique and results.

Clinics in sports medicine | 2014 | Reagan J, Kullar R, Burks R

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 18. Orthop Clin North Am. 2003 Jul;34(3):385-96. doi: 10.1016/s0030-5898(03)00033-6. Acute and recurrent patellar instability in the young athlete. Hinton RY(1), Sharma KM. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Memorial Hospital, The Johnston Professional Building, #400, 3333 North Calvert Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. lyn.cam...

Patellar Instability.

Journal unavailable | 2026 | Wolfe S, Varacallo MA, Thomas JD, Carroll JJ

Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: Steve Wolfe declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Matthew Varacallo declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Joshua Thomas declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Jeffrey Carroll declares no relevant fin...

Dynamic MPFL reconstruction for recurrent traumatic patellar instability using Gracilis tendon in adolescent patients

The Egyptian Orthopaedic Journal | 2025 | Ahmed K El Ghazawy, Mohamed Amr, Haitham Emad Sallam, yahia haroon

Anatomical Characteristics Contributing to Patellar Dislocations Following MPFL Reconstruction: A Dynamic Simulation Study.

Journal of biomechanical engineering | 2023 | Watts JC, Farrow LD, Elias JJ

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 12. Pediatr Radiol. 2016 May;46(5):618-36. doi: 10.1007/s00247-015-3520-8. Epub 2016 Feb 9. Imaging assessment of patellar instability and its treatment in children and adolescents. Meyers AB(1), Laor T(2), Sharafinski M(3), Zbojniewicz AM(2). Author information: (1)Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, P....

Minimal Invasive MPFL Reconstruction Using Quadriceps Tendon

Anterior Knee Pain and Patellar Instability | 2023 | Christian Fink

Case # 1: Disabling Anterior Knee Pain After Failed MPFL Reconstruction in a Patient with Patellar Chondropathy, Femoral Anteversion and External Tibial Torsion

Anterior Knee Pain and Patellar Instability | 2023 | Vicente Sanchis-Alfonso, Alejandro Roselló-Añón

Complex Patellofemoral Reconstruction for Recurrent Instability.

Video journal of sports medicine | 2022 | Floyd ER, Kennedy NI, Tagliero AJ, Carlson GB

Conflict of interest statement: One or more of the authors has declared the following potential conflict of interest or source of funding: R.F.L. received research grants from Smith & Nephew and Ossur; received royalties from Arthrex, Ossur, and Smith & Nephew; is a consultant for Arthrex, Ossur, Smith & Nephew, and Linvatex; is a member of the editorial board for AOSSM, JEO, a...

Lateral release associated with MPFL reconstruction in patients with acute patellar dislocation.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders | 2022 | Kheir N, Salvatore G, Berton A, Orsi A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no competing interests. The authors declare that they have no competing interests with this work. 15. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2022 Dec;15(6):597-605. doi: 10.1007/s12178-022-09792-1. Epub 2022 Nov 11. Return to Play Considerations After Patellar Instability. Lampros RE(1), Tanaka MJ(2). Author informa...

Poster 244: Pain Catastrophizing in Patellar Instability Patients Undergoing MPFL Reconstruction

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2022 | Athan Zavras, Nicholas Trasolini, Justin Walsh, Adam Yanke

Objectives: Pain catastrophizing was established as a way to measure patient perception and response to pain, as represented by three subscores: rumination, magnification, and helplessness. Prior clinical studies have demonstrated the close relationship between pain catastrophizing and persistent postoperative pain after total knee arthroplasty. Among patellofemoral instability...

Paper 54: MPFL Repair has a Higher Failure Rate at Long-term Follow-up compared to MPFL Reconstruction for Recurrent Patellar Instability

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2022 | Ryan Wilbur, Bryant Song, Jory Wasserburger, Christopher Camp

Objectives: The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the primary soft tissue restraint to lateral patellar translation and is often disrupted with a lateral patellar dislocation. Surgical management for recurrent patellar instability focuses on restoring MPFL function with repair or reconstruction techniques. Recent studies have favored reconstruction over repair, but no lo...

Return To Sport Following Stabilization Surgery For Recurrent Patellar Instability In Patients Undergoing Isolated Mpfll Reconstruction Vs. Combined Mpfl Reconstruction And Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2020 | Stephanie Joelle Swensen, Joseph Nguyen, William A. Marmor, Simone Gruber

Objectives: Acute patellar instability is a common and disabling injury among young athletes and the risk of recurrence is as high as 80% in certain populations. The essential lesion of lateral patellar dislocations is MPFL rupture. However, bony risk factors for dislocation have also been identified, including patella alta, trochlear dysplasia, and a lateralized tibial tubercl...

MPFL GRAFT TENSIONING TO TREAT PATELLAR INSTABILITY RELATED TO PATELLA ALTA: DYNAMIC SIMULATION

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2020 | Travis Jones, Kerwyn C. Jones, John J. Elias

Background: Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is a popular treatment for lateral patellar instability. For knees with patella alta, however, tibial tuberosity distalization is the most common approach due to concerns about graft tensioning. A MPFL graft is tensioned intra-operatively to prevent lateral subluxation without over-constraining the patella by allo...

Short Oblique Patellar Tunnels for Patellar Fixation Do Not Increase Fracture Risk in MPFL Reconstruction: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2020 | Milos Lesevic, Matthew Deasey, Zachary Burnett, David Diduch

Objectives: The current standard of care for recurrent patellar instability is reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL), the primary soft tissue constraint to lateral subluxation of the patella. Historically, transpatellar bone tunnels have been associated with increased rates of patella fracture. To avoid this dreaded outcome, many surgeons now employ suture...

Acute and recurrent patellar instability in the young athlete.

The Orthopedic clinics of North America | 2003 | Hinton RY, Sharma KM

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 19. J Exp Orthop. 2018 Jan 10;5(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s40634-017-0119-z. Recent developments in evaluation and treatment of lateral patellar instability. Zimmerer A(1), Sobau C(1), Balcarek P(2). Author information: (1)Arcus Sportklinik, Pforzheim, Germany. (2)Arcus Sportklinik, Pforzheim, Germany. balcarek@sportklinik.de. Recent years have been characterized...

Early Results of Patients With Recurrent Patellar Instability Treated With MPFL Reconstruction

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2017 | Ömer Naci Ergin, Mehmet Ekinci, Fuat Bilgili, Yücel Bilgin

Introduction: MPFL reconstruction is an evidence-based and successful technique in treating patients with recurrent patellar instability without alignment problems or who have not yet undergone skeletal maturity for distal realignment surgery. Aim: The aim of this study is to report early results of patients who underwent MPFL reconstruction Method: 21 patients with lateral pat...

Combined Tibial Tubercle Realignment and MPFL Reconstruction

Patellar Instability Surgery in Clinical Practice | 2013 | Joan C. Monllau, Xavier Pelfort, Pablo Gelber, Marc Tey

MPFL Reconstruction: Principles and Complications

Anterior Knee Pain and Patellar Instability | 2011 | Pieter J. Erasmus, Mathieu Thaunat

Combined Tibial Tubercle Realignment and MPFL Reconstruction

Anterior Knee Pain and Patellar Instability | 2011 | Joan C. Monllau, Xavier Pelfort, Pablo Gelber, Marc Tey

Reconstruction of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) for post-traumatic patellar instability

Injury Extra | 2007 | A. Panagopoulos, L. van Niekerk, I.K. Triantafyllopoulos, P. Patil