Evidence Search

Management of first-time patellar dislocation: The ESSKA 2024 formal consensus-Part 1.

Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA | 2025 | Blønd L, Askenberger M, Stephen J, Akmeşe R

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Lars Blønd reports consulting for Arthrex. Peter Balcarek reports consulting for Arthrex. Philippe Beaufils serves as the ESSKA Consensus Projects Advisor. Florian Dirisamer reports consulting for Arthrex and receives royalties from Arthrex Inc. Rene El Attal reports consulting for Arthrex, DepuySynthes and Zimmer Biomet. Ge...

Patellofemoral Instability: Preoperative Considerations and Postoperative Imaging.

Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology | 2025 | Atinga A, Wasserstein D, Sidhu MS, Tomescu S

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: None declared. 19. Bone Joint J. 2017 Feb;99-B(2):159-170. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.99B2.BJJ-2016-0256.R1. Adolescent patellar instability: current concepts review. Clark D(1), Metcalfe A(2), Wogan C(3), Mandalia V(4), Eldridge J(3). Author information: (1)Foothills Medical Centre, 1403 29 St NW, Calgary AB T2N 2T9, Canada. (2...

Imaging evaluation of patellofemoral joint instability: a review.

Knee surgery & related research | 2023 | Barbosa RM, da Silva MV, Macedo CS, Santos CP

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. 16. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2016 Dec;24(4):144-149. doi: 10.1097/JSA.0000000000000133. Patellofemoral Pain and Instability in Adolescent Athletes. Bessette M(1), Saluan P. Author information: (1)Cleveland Clinic Sports Health, Garfield Heights, OH. Injuries and disorders of the patellofe...

Patellofemoral Instability Part I: Evaluation and Nonsurgical Treatment.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons | 2022 | Pauyo T, Park JP, Bozzo I, Bernstein M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2017 Jun;25(2):105-113. doi: 10.1097/JSA.0000000000000147. Rehabilitation After Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction. McGee TG(1), Cosgarea AJ, McLaughlin K, Tanaka M, Johnson K. Author information: (1)Departments of *Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation †Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD....

A Review of the Lateral Patellofemoral Joint: Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Surgical Procedures.

Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews | 2022 | Siljander B, Tompkins M, Martinez-Cano JP

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 5. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2025 May;33(5):1925-1932. doi: 10.1002/ksa.12620. Epub 2025 Feb 20. Management of first-time patellar dislocation: The ESSKA 2024 formal consensus-Part 1. Blønd L(1)(2), Askenberger M(3), Stephen J(4), Akmeşe R(5), Balcarek P(6), El Attal R(7), Chouliaras V(8), Ferrua P(9)(10), Monart JM(11), Pagenstert G(12), Sillan...

Bracing for the Patellofemoral Joint.

The journal of knee surgery | 2022 | Phillips R, Choo S, Nuelle CW

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: None declared. 13. Acta Chir Iugosl. 2010;57(4):39-45. doi: 10.2298/aci1004039l. Patellofemoral disorders and instability. Lesić AR(1), Bumbasirević M, Sudjić VS, Mitković MM, Tulić GDz, Ivancević N, Jakovljević A, Bajec DD. Author information: (1)School of Medicine, Clinic for Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clinical...

Evaluation and management of patellar instability.

Annals of joint | 2022 | Dennis ER, Gruber S, Marmor WA, Shubin Stein BE

Conflict of interest statement: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/aoj-2020-02). The series “Sports Related Injuries of the Female Athlete” was commissioned by the editorial office without any funding or sponsorship. BESS reports personal fees from Arthrex, outside the submitted work. In a...

The Oswestry-Bristol Classification.

The bone & joint journal | 2020 | Sharma N, Brown A, Bouras T, Kuiper JH

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 10. Oper Orthop Traumatol. 2017 Feb;29(1):40-50. doi: 10.1007/s00064-016-0477-1. Epub 2017 Jan 30. [Patellofemoral arthroplasty]. [Article in German] Cotic M(1), Forkel P(1), Imhoff AB(2). Author information: (1)Abteilung für Sportorthopädie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland. (2)Abteilung für Sportorthop...

Use of TT-PCL versus TT-TG.

Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine | 2018 | Brady JM, Rosencrans AS, Shubin Stein BE

Conflict of interest statement: CONFLICT OF INTEREST: Beth E. Shubin Stein is a consultant for Arthrex. Other authors have no conflicts of interest. HUMAN AND ANIMAL RIGHTS AND INFORMED CONSENT: This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

Rehabilitation After Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction.

Sports medicine and arthroscopy review | 2017 | McGee TG, Cosgarea AJ, McLaughlin K, Tanaka M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 4. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev. 2022 Jul 20;6(7):e21.00255. doi: 10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-21-00255. eCollection 2022 Jul 1. A Review of the Lateral Patellofemoral Joint: Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Surgical Procedures. Siljander B(1), Tompkins M, Martinez-Cano JP. Author information: (1)From the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Minnesota,...

Adolescent patellar instability: current concepts review.

The bone & joint journal | 2017 | Clark D, Metcalfe A, Wogan C, Mandalia V

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 20. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2018 Jun;11(2):261-265. doi: 10.1007/s12178-018-9481-4. Use of TT-PCL versus TT-TG. Brady JM(1), Rosencrans AS(2), Shubin Stein BE(3). Author information: (1)Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Mail code OP 31, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. munch@ohsu.edu. (2)Oregon Health and Science University,...

Patellofemoral Pain and Instability in Adolescent Athletes.

Sports medicine and arthroscopy review | 2016 | Bessette M, Saluan P

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 17. Ann Jt. 2022 Jan 15;7:2. doi: 10.21037/aoj-2020-02. eCollection 2022. Evaluation and management of patellar instability. Dennis ER(1), Gruber S(1), Marmor WA(1), Shubin Stein BE(1). Author information: (1)The Patellofemoral Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA. Patellar instability is a common clinic...

Normal anatomy and biomechanics of the knee.

Sports medicine and arthroscopy review | 2011 | Flandry F, Hommel G

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 2. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2022 Nov 15;30(22):e1431-e1442. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-22-00254. Epub 2022 Aug 29. Patellofemoral Instability Part I: Evaluation and Nonsurgical Treatment. Pauyo T(1), Park JP, Bozzo I, Bernstein M. Author information: (1)From the Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Pauyo), the...

Recurrent Patellofemoral Instability

Orthopaedic Sports Medicine | 2026 | Magaly Iñiguez Cuadra

Patellofemoral disorders and instability.

Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica | 2010 | Lesić AR, Bumbasirević M, Sudjić VS, Mitković MM

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 14. Cureus. 2024 Jan 29;16(1):e53170. doi: 10.7759/cureus.53170. eCollection 2024 Jan. Anatomic Risk Factors for Patellofemoral Joint Instability: An Infographic as a Visual Learning Tool. Vasiliadis AV(1), Troupis T(2), Chrysikos D(3), Chytas D(4), Noussios G(5). Author information: (1)Sports Trauma and Orthopaedic Department, St. Luke's Hospital, Thessal...

Impact of Femoral and Tibial Torsion on Patellofemoral Loading in Individuals With Patellofemoral Instability

Journal of Orthopaedic Research | 2025 | Bernhard Guggenberger, Willi Koller, Andreas Habersack, Tanja Kraus

ABSTRACTPatellofemoral stability is affected by several morphological factors including torsional alignment. To elucidate the impact of factors responsible for the stability of the patellofemoral joint, biomechanical research utilizes the analysis of joint contact forces. At present, there is a paucity of modeling‐based research examining the influence of lower limb torsion on...

Anatomic Risk Factors for Patellofemoral Joint Instability: An Infographic as a Visual Learning Tool.

Cureus | 2024 | Vasiliadis AV, Troupis T, Chrysikos D, Chytas D

Conflict of interest statement: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. 15. Knee Surg Relat Res. 2023 Mar 13;35(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s43019-023-00180-8. Imaging evaluation of patellofemoral joint instability: a review. Barbosa RM(1)(2)(3), da Silva MV(4), Macedo CS(5), Santos CP(6)(7)(8). Author information: (1)Center of MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS)...

Patellofemoral instability: Current status and future perspectives.

Journal of orthopaedics | 2023 | Migliorini F, Maffulli N, Vaishya R

7. Instr Course Lect. 2010;59:195-206. Patellar instability. Redziniak DE(1), Diduch DR, Mihalko WM, Fulkerson JP, Novicoff WM, Sheibani-Rad S, Saleh KJ. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Center, Annapolis, Maryland, USA. Patellar instability is a generic term that is used to describe patellar dislocation, patellar subluxa...

Patellofemoral Instability: a review paper

Journal of Orthopaedic Medicine | 2006 | Richard Ellis, Solomon Abrahams

Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction Using Suture Tape for Patellofemoral Joint Instability

Orthopaedic Surgery | 2021 | Jun‐cai Xu, Bo‐xuan Zhang, Yan‐feng Jia, Xiao‐feng Wang

ObjectiveTo describe a surgical technique using suture tape for reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). This technique restores the stability of the reconstructed ligament and has excellent postoperative outcomes.MethodThis is a retrospective analysis. From January 2016 to June 2018, 17 patients underwent MPFL reconstruction using high‐strength suture (Fibe...

Patellofemoral Disorders: Pain and/or Instability

OrthoMedia | 2021

[Patellofemoral pain syndrome].

Der Orthopade | 2005 | Bohnsack M, Börner C, Rühmann O, Wirth CJ

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 12. J Knee Surg. 2022 Feb;35(3):232-241. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1741429. Epub 2022 Jan 27. Bracing for the Patellofemoral Joint. Phillips R(1)(2), Choo S(1), Nuelle CW(1). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Missouri Orthopaedic Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri. (2)Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Mi...

Patellofemoral Instability: A Consensus Statement From the AOSSM/PFF Patellofemoral Instability Workshop

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2018 | William R. Post, Donald C. Fithian

[Patellofemoral arthroplasty].

Operative Orthopadie und Traumatologie | 2017 | Cotic M, Forkel P, Imhoff AB

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 11. Orthopade. 2005 Jul;34(7):668-76. doi: 10.1007/s00132-005-0818-5. [Patellofemoral pain syndrome]. [Article in German] Bohnsack M(1), Börner C, Rühmann O, Wirth CJ. Author information: (1)Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, Klinik II im Annastift. bohnsack@annastift.de The patellofemoral pain syndrome is of high socioeconomic rel...

Treatment of the Objective Patellofemoral Instability

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2017 | Federico Alfano, Walter Spreafico

Objectives: The aim of this study is to show the different surgical procedures for treating the objective patellar instability, including the different tibial tubercle osteotomies and the sulcus deepening trochleoplasty. Methods: This study analyzed the Caton-Deschamps index used for assessment of patellar height, the distance from the tibial tubercle to the troclear groove (TT...

Arthroscopic assessment of patellofemoral tracking predicts patellar instability

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2017 | Ritwik Kejriwal, Peter Annear

Objectives: Surgical management of patellar instability includes proximal realignment procedure such as MPFL reconstruction. The decision to add a distal realignment procedure of tibial tubercle transfer is based on severity of patellar instability judged on either TTTG distance or arthroscopic patellofemoral tracking. We set out to validate our use of arthroscopic patellofemor...

Arthroscopic assessment of patellofemoral tracking predicts patellar instability

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2017 | Ritwik Kejriwal, Peter Annear

Objectives: Surgical management of patellar instability includes proximal realignment procedure such as MPFL reconstruction. The decision to add a distal realignment procedure of tibial tubercle transfer is based on severity of patellar instability judged on either TTTG distance or arthroscopic patellofemoral tracking. We set out to validate our use of arthroscopic patellofemor...

The surgical management of patellofemoral instability: when is an isolated medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction indicated?

Current Orthopaedic Practice | 2016 | Neil Jain

Many factors contribute to patellofemoral instability. Surgical intervention may include additional procedures to reconstruct the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). This review attempts to ascertain from the literature whether there is a threshold for when an isolated MPFL reconstruction will suffice and when an additional procedure would be required.

Imaging in Patellofemoral instability

Patellofemoral Instability | 2016 | Anupama Patil

Cartilage lesions in Patellofemoral instability

Patellofemoral Instability | 2016 | Raghu Raman

Patellofemoral instability after total knee arthroplasty

Patellofemoral Instability | 2016 | Miten Sheth

Understanding the patellofemoral joint: from instability to arthroplasty.

Clinics in sports medicine | 2014 | Meininger AK

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 9. Bone Joint J. 2020 Jan;102-B(1):102-107. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.102B1.BJJ-2019-0366.R3. The Oswestry-Bristol Classification. Sharma N(1), Brown A(1), Bouras T(1), Kuiper JH(1), Eldridge J(2), Barnett A(3). Author information: (1)The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Gobowen, UK. (2)Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, U...

Treatment options for patellofemoral instability in sports traumatology

Orthopedic Review | 2013

The Role of Trochlear Dysplasia in Patellofemoral Instability

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeon | 2011 | Matthew Bollier, John P. Fulkerson

Patellar instability.

Instructional course lectures | 2010 | Redziniak DE, Diduch DR, Mihalko WM, Fulkerson JP

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 8. Clin Sports Med. 2014 Jul;33(3):xiii-xiv. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2014.05.001. Understanding the patellofemoral joint: from instability to arthroplasty. Meininger AK(1). Author information: (1)Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Steamboat Orthopaedic Associates, P.C., 940 Central Park Drive, Suite 190, Steamboat Springs, CO 80487, USA. Electronic addres...