Fracture biology, biomechanics, and internal fixation.

Journal and index pages often block iframe embedding. This reader keeps the evidence details in Orthonotes and leaves the source page one click away.

Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 20. Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis. 2007;65(4):294-9. Biomechanics of external fixation: a review of the literature. Moss DP(1), Tejwani NC. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY, USA. External fixation for the purpose of bony realignment has been in practice since the early 1900s and is widely used today. External fixators are primarily used for trauma but may also be used for deformity correction and arthrodesis, among other applications. The advantages of external fixation over open reduction and internal fixation and intramedullary nailing include simplicity of application, adjustability of the construct, and increased access for wound care and wound monitoring after fixation is achieved. Frame design requires a combination of pins, wires, clamps, rings, and rods to ultimately form a stable construct that can apply compressive, distractive, or neutral forces on bone.