Fracture Atlas

Femur Fracture

Femur fractures are classified based on their anatomical location: proximal, diaphyseal (shaft), and distal femur fractures. Each location has specific classifications guiding treatment and prognosis.

Proximal Femur Fractures - Garden Classification

Classifies femoral neck fractures based on displacement seen on anteroposterior radiograph.

When used: Used for femoral neck fractures to guide surgical management.

Type I: Incomplete, valgus impacted fracture
Type II: Complete, nondisplaced fracture
Type III: Complete, partially displaced fracture
Type IV: Complete, fully displaced fracture

Proximal Femur Fractures - Pauwels Classification

Classifies femoral neck fractures based on the angle of the fracture line relative to the horizontal plane.

When used: Helps to assess biomechanical stability and risk of nonunion.

Type I: <30 degrees, stable
Type II: 30-50 degrees, moderate instability
Type III: >50 degrees, high instability

Femoral Shaft Fractures - Winquist and Hansen Classification

Classifies femoral shaft fractures based on the amount of comminution.

When used: Guides considerations for fixation method in shaft fractures.

Type 0: No comminution
Type I: Comminution fragment less than 25% of shaft diameter
Type II: Comminution fragment 25-50%
Type III: Comminution fragment more than 50%
Type IV: Comminution completely segmental

Distal Femur Fractures - AO/OTA Classification

Comprehensive system classifying distal femur fractures into extra-articular, partial articular, and complete articular fractures.

When used: Used for treatment planning and communication in distal femur fractures.

33-A: Extra-articular fracture
33-B: Partial articular fracture
33-C: Complete articular fracture

Related Terms

femoral neck fracture intertrochanteric fracture subtrochanteric fracture shaft fracture supracondylar fracture distal femur fracture

Note: Classification should be integrated with clinical findings and imaging modalities; some fractures can involve multiple classifications due to extension across regions.

Femur Fracture

Proximal Femur Fractures - Garden Classification

Proximal Femur Fractures - Pauwels Classification

Femoral Shaft Fractures - Winquist and Hansen Classification

Distal Femur Fractures - AO/OTA Classification

Recently approved fracture classifications

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