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Evidence Search

Search reputable indexed orthopaedic literature from multiple scholarly sources, classify the evidence, and link papers directly to wiki topics and cases.

Sources: PubMed, Europe PMC, Crossref

Linking results to Wiki: Amputation — Levels & Prosthetics
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Results are classified automatically from source metadata across PubMed, Europe PMC, and Crossref.
PubMed Crossref
PubMed Randomized Controlled Trial Evidence High

Effectiveness of an Evidence-Based Amputee Rehabilitation Program: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Physical therapy | 2020 | Gailey R, Gaunaurd I, Raya M, Kirk-Sanchez N

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 2. Chir Narzadow Ruchu Ortop Pol. 1999;64(5):571-81. Amputations and prosthetics. Pinzur MS(1). Author information: (1)Loyola University, Chicago, USA. The author presents in a condensed way an overview of the principles of limb amputations and further treatment of patients who underwent such a procedure. The metabolic cost of walking, load transfer, and w...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Transcutaneous osseointegration for amputees.

OTA international : the open access journal of orthopaedic trauma | 2024 | Evans AR, Tetsworth K, Quinnan S, Wixted JJ

Conflict of interest statement: No conflict of interest for all authors, and no funding received. 10. Orthopade. 2021 Jan;50(1):24-31. doi: 10.1007/s00132-020-04039-8. [Indications for stump corrections]. [Article in German; Abstract available in German from the publisher] Glapa K(1), Hoffmann R(2), Greitemann B(3). Author information: (1)BG-Unfallklinik Frankfurt, Friedberger...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Replantation versus transplantation: Where do we stand?

European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie | 2024 | Janes LE, McAndrew C, Levin LS

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 17. J Pediatr Orthop. 2020 Jul;40(6):e532-e536. doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000001430. Syme Amputation: Function, Satisfaction, and Prostheses. Morrison SG(1), Thomson P(2), Lenze U(1)(3), Donnan LT(1). Author information: (1)Departments of Orthopaedics. (2)Prosthetics and Orthotics, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. (3)Department of Orthop...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

[Indications for stump corrections].

Der Orthopade | 2021 | Glapa K, Hoffmann R, Greitemann B

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 11. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2018 Apr 2;79(4):205-210. doi: 10.12968/hmed.2018.79.4.205. Management of lower limb amputations. Isaacs-Itua A(1), Sedki I(2). Author information: (1)Specialty Trainee (Rehabilitation Medicine), Prosthetic Rehabilitation Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Middlesex HA7 4LP. (2)Consultant, Prosthetic Rehabilitation Unit, R...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Congenital Tibial Deficiency.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons | 2019 | Litrenta J, Young M, Birch JG, Oetgen ME

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 5. Forearm Amputation. Asokan A(1), Saber AY(2). In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–. 2023 Jul 31. Author information: (1)Basildon & Thurrock University Hospital (2)Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust Forearm amputations form a part of the larger umbrella of upper extremity amputations, but are the...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Precision electronic medicine in the brain.

Nature biotechnology | 2019 | Patel SR, Lieber CM

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Competing financial interests S.R.P. has no competing financial interests. C.M.L. is a co- inventor on patents and patent applications relating to the article that have been filed by the authors’ institution (Harvard University) as follows: ‘Scaffolds comprising nanoelectronic components, tissues, and other applications’, in...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Management of lower limb amputations.

British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005) | 2018 | Isaacs-Itua A, Sedki I

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 12. Nat Biotechnol. 2019 Sep;37(9):1007-1012. doi: 10.1038/s41587-019-0234-8. Epub 2019 Sep 2. Precision electronic medicine in the brain. Patel SR(1), Lieber CM(2). Author information: (1)McCance Center for Brain Health, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. shau...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Amputation surgery.

Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America | 2014 | Schnur D, Meier RH 3rd

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 8. Acta Chir Belg. 1981 Sep-Oct;80(5):253-61. Knee-disarticulation. Neff G. The disarticulation of the knee joint is--in contrary to the above-knee level--a fast and tender method for amputation, resulting in a vigorous, complete weightbearing stump. Without problems the bulky stump is fitted in an exactly moulded plastic or resin socket--eventually combin...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Forearm Amputation.

Journal unavailable | 2026 | Asokan A, Saber AY

Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: Ajay Asokan declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Ahmed Saber declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. 6. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1999 Apr;(361):23-8. doi: 10.1097/00003086-199904000-00004. Knee disarticulation. Pinzur MS(1), Bowker JH. Author information: (1)...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Digit Amputation.

Journal unavailable | 2026 | Zhang L, Azmat CE, Buckley CJ

Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: Lihan Zhang declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Chaudhary Ehtsham Azmat declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Clifford Buckley declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. 20. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2021 Jul 15;29(1...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Controversies in lower extremity amputation.

Instructional course lectures | 2008 | Pinzur MS, Gottschalk F, Pinto MA, Smith DG

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 19. Digit Amputation. Zhang L(1), Azmat CE(2), Buckley CJ(3). In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–. 2023 Jan 30. Author information: (1)Derriford Hospital (2)University of Child Health Sciences, The Children Hospital, Lahore (3)Baylor Scott & White Digital amputation is often associated with traumatic injuries b...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Facilitating rotationplasty.

Journal of surgical oncology | 2007 | Puri A, Agarwal M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 4. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2019 Mar 15;27(6):e268-e279. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-16-00838. Congenital Tibial Deficiency. Litrenta J(1), Young M, Birch JG, Oetgen ME. Author information: (1)From the Children's National Health System, Division or Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Washington, DC (Dr. Oetgen, Dr. Young), NYULMC Hospital for Joint Diseases, N...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

[Amputations around the knee].

Der Orthopade | 2020 | Lazic I, Knebel C, Consalvo S, Rechl H

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 16. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2024 Oct;34(7):3727-3733. doi: 10.1007/s00590-023-03737-1. Epub 2023 Oct 10. Replantation versus transplantation: Where do we stand? Janes LE(1), McAndrew C(1), Levin LS(2). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3737 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 191904, USA. (2)Department...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Syme Amputation: Function, Satisfaction, and Prostheses.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics | 2020 | Morrison SG, Thomson P, Lenze U, Donnan LT

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 18. Instr Course Lect. 2008;57:663-72. Controversies in lower extremity amputation. Pinzur MS(1), Gottschalk F, Pinto MA, Smith DG. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA. Using the experience gained from taking care of World War II veterans with amputations, Ern...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Amputations and prosthetics.

Chirurgia narzadow ruchu i ortopedia polska | 1999 | Pinzur MS

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. J Surg Oncol. 2007 Mar 15;95(4):351-4. doi: 10.1002/jso.20683. Facilitating rotationplasty. Puri A(1), Agarwal M. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India. docpuri@vsnl.com Rotationplasty, a unique surgical procedure where the ankle is converted into the knee joint after shortening and 180 degree e...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

[Transtibial amputation].

Operative Orthopadie und Traumatologie | 2011 | Baumgartner R

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 15. Orthopade. 2020 May;49(5):461-470. doi: 10.1007/s00132-020-03906-8. [Amputations around the knee]. [Article in German] Lazic I(1), Knebel C(2), Consalvo S(2), Rechl H(2), von Eisenhart-Rothe R(2), Lenze U(2). Author information: (1)Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Sportorthopädie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismani...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Posttraumatic thumb reconstruction.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery | 2005 | Muzaffar AR, Chao JJ, Friedrich JB

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 14. Oper Orthop Traumatol. 2011 Oct;23(4):280-8. doi: 10.1007/s00064-011-0040-z. [Transtibial amputation]. [Article in German] Baumgartner R(1). Author information: (1)Zumikon bei Zürich, Schweiz. rabaumgart@bluewin.ch OBJECTIVE: To make a transtibial stump as long as possible, free from local and phantom pain with a maximum of terminal load bearing. In or...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Knee disarticulation.

Clinical orthopaedics and related research | 1999 | Pinzur MS, Bowker JH

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 7. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2014 Feb;25(1):35-43. doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2013.09.013. Amputation surgery. Schnur D(1), Meier RH 3rd. Author information: (1)Plastic Surgery Clinic of Denver, Humboldt Street, Denver, CO 80218, USA. The best level of amputation must take into consideration the newest socket designs, methods of prosthetic suspension, and techno...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Knee-disarticulation.

Acta chirurgica Belgica | 1981 | Neff G

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 9. OTA Int. 2024 Mar 11;7(2 Suppl):e326. doi: 10.1097/OI9.0000000000000326. eCollection 2024 Mar. Transcutaneous osseointegration for amputees. Evans AR(1), Tetsworth K(2), Quinnan S(3), Wixted JJ(4). Author information: (1)Orthopedic Trauma Service, Department of Orthopedics, The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Pr...

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