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Evidence Search

Search reputable indexed orthopaedic literature from multiple scholarly sources, classify the evidence, and link papers directly to wiki topics and cases.

Sources: PubMed, Europe PMC, Crossref

Linking results to Wiki: Amputation — Levels & Prosthetics
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Results are classified automatically from source metadata across PubMed, Europe PMC, and Crossref.
PubMed Crossref
PubMed Randomized Controlled Trial Evidence High

Effectiveness of an Evidence-Based Amputee Rehabilitation Program: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Physical therapy | 2020 | Gailey R, Gaunaurd I, Raya M, Kirk-Sanchez N

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 2. J Surg Oncol. 2007 Mar 15;95(4):351-4. doi: 10.1002/jso.20683. Facilitating rotationplasty. Puri A(1), Agarwal M. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India. docpuri@vsnl.com Rotationplasty, a unique surgical procedure where the ankle is converted into the knee joint after shortening and 180 degree e...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Transcutaneous osseointegration for amputees.

OTA international : the open access journal of orthopaedic trauma | 2024 | Evans AR, Tetsworth K, Quinnan S, Wixted JJ

Conflict of interest statement: No conflict of interest for all authors, and no funding received. 9. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2019 Mar 15;27(6):e268-e279. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-16-00838. Congenital Tibial Deficiency. Litrenta J(1), Young M, Birch JG, Oetgen ME. Author information: (1)From the Children's National Health System, Division or Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, W...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Replantation versus transplantation: Where do we stand?

European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie | 2024 | Janes LE, McAndrew C, Levin LS

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 18. J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1997 Aug;42(4):248-51. Amputation and prostheses in Khartoum. Mohamed IA(1), Ahmed AR, Ahmed ME. Author information: (1)Damazine Hospital, University of Khartoum, Sudan. One hundred and seventy patients with major lower limb amputation (MLLA) presenting to The National Prosthetic-Orthotic Centre (NPOC) in Khartoum over a 1-year per...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

[Indications for stump corrections].

Der Orthopade | 2021 | Glapa K, Hoffmann R, Greitemann B

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 12. Oper Orthop Traumatol. 2011 Oct;23(4):280-8. doi: 10.1007/s00064-011-0040-z. [Transtibial amputation]. [Article in German] Baumgartner R(1). Author information: (1)Zumikon bei Zürich, Schweiz. rabaumgart@bluewin.ch OBJECTIVE: To make a transtibial stump as long as possible, free from local and phantom pain with a maximum of terminal load bearing. In or...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Congenital Tibial Deficiency.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons | 2019 | Litrenta J, Young M, Birch JG, Oetgen ME

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 10. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005 Oct;116(5):103e-122e. doi: 10.1097/01.prs.0000182650.17230.2a. Posttraumatic thumb reconstruction. Muzaffar AR(1), Chao JJ, Friedrich JB. Author information: (1)Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA. Arshad.muzaffar@seattlechildrens.org Erratum in Plast Rec...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Precision electronic medicine in the brain.

Nature biotechnology | 2019 | Patel SR, Lieber CM

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Competing financial interests S.R.P. has no competing financial interests. C.M.L. is a co- inventor on patents and patent applications relating to the article that have been filed by the authors’ institution (Harvard University) as follows: ‘Scaffolds comprising nanoelectronic components, tissues, and other applications’, in...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Management of lower limb amputations.

British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005) | 2018 | Isaacs-Itua A, Sedki I

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 20. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2026 Feb;112(1S):104441. doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2025.104441. Epub 2025 Sep 24. Prevention and treatment of post-irradiation fractures and other complications. Mascard E(1), Vaz G(2), Martin V(3). Author information: (1)Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Paris, France. Electronic address: dr.eric.m...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Amputation surgery.

Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America | 2014 | Schnur D, Meier RH 3rd

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 8. OTA Int. 2024 Mar 11;7(2 Suppl):e326. doi: 10.1097/OI9.0000000000000326. eCollection 2024 Mar. Transcutaneous osseointegration for amputees. Evans AR(1), Tetsworth K(2), Quinnan S(3), Wixted JJ(4). Author information: (1)Orthopedic Trauma Service, Department of Orthopedics, The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Pr...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Forearm Amputation.

Journal unavailable | 2026 | Asokan A, Saber AY

Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: Ajay Asokan declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Ahmed Saber declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. 4. Chir Narzadow Ruchu Ortop Pol. 1999;64(5):571-81. Amputations and prosthetics. Pinzur MS(1). Author information: (1)Loyola University, Chicago, USA. The...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Digit Amputation.

Journal unavailable | 2026 | Zhang L, Azmat CE, Buckley CJ

Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: Lihan Zhang declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Chaudhary Ehtsham Azmat declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Clifford Buckley declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. 16. Orthopade. 2020 May;49(5):461-470. doi:...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Controversies in lower extremity amputation.

Instructional course lectures | 2008 | Pinzur MS, Gottschalk F, Pinto MA, Smith DG

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 14. Nat Biotechnol. 2019 Sep;37(9):1007-1012. doi: 10.1038/s41587-019-0234-8. Epub 2019 Sep 2. Precision electronic medicine in the brain. Patel SR(1), Lieber CM(2). Author information: (1)McCance Center for Brain Health, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. shau...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Facilitating rotationplasty.

Journal of surgical oncology | 2007 | Puri A, Agarwal M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. Forearm Amputation. Asokan A(1), Saber AY(2). In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–. 2023 Jul 31. Author information: (1)Basildon & Thurrock University Hospital (2)Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust Forearm amputations form a part of the larger umbrella of upper extremity amputations, but are the...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

[Amputations around the knee].

Der Orthopade | 2020 | Lazic I, Knebel C, Consalvo S, Rechl H

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 17. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2024 Oct;34(7):3727-3733. doi: 10.1007/s00590-023-03737-1. Epub 2023 Oct 10. Replantation versus transplantation: Where do we stand? Janes LE(1), McAndrew C(1), Levin LS(2). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3737 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 191904, USA. (2)Department...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Amputations and prosthetics.

Chirurgia narzadow ruchu i ortopedia polska | 1999 | Pinzur MS

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 5. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1999 Apr;(361):23-8. doi: 10.1097/00003086-199904000-00004. Knee disarticulation. Pinzur MS(1), Bowker JH. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA. Knee disarticulation is a muscle balanced amputation level that can be used in patients with diabetes, periph...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

[Transtibial amputation].

Operative Orthopadie und Traumatologie | 2011 | Baumgartner R

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 13. Instr Course Lect. 2008;57:663-72. Controversies in lower extremity amputation. Pinzur MS(1), Gottschalk F, Pinto MA, Smith DG. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA. Using the experience gained from taking care of World War II veterans with amputations, Ern...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Posttraumatic thumb reconstruction.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery | 2005 | Muzaffar AR, Chao JJ, Friedrich JB

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 11. Orthopade. 2021 Jan;50(1):24-31. doi: 10.1007/s00132-020-04039-8. [Indications for stump corrections]. [Article in German; Abstract available in German from the publisher] Glapa K(1), Hoffmann R(2), Greitemann B(3). Author information: (1)BG-Unfallklinik Frankfurt, Friedberger Landstraße 430, 60389, Frankfurt, Deutschland. kim.glapa@bgu-frankfurt.de. (...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Knee disarticulation.

Clinical orthopaedics and related research | 1999 | Pinzur MS, Bowker JH

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 6. Acta Chir Belg. 1981 Sep-Oct;80(5):253-61. Knee-disarticulation. Neff G. The disarticulation of the knee joint is--in contrary to the above-knee level--a fast and tender method for amputation, resulting in a vigorous, complete weightbearing stump. Without problems the bulky stump is fitted in an exactly moulded plastic or resin socket--eventually combin...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Amputation and prostheses in Khartoum.

Journal of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh | 1997 | Mohamed IA, Ahmed AR, Ahmed ME

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 19. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2018 Apr 2;79(4):205-210. doi: 10.12968/hmed.2018.79.4.205. Management of lower limb amputations. Isaacs-Itua A(1), Sedki I(2). Author information: (1)Specialty Trainee (Rehabilitation Medicine), Prosthetic Rehabilitation Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Middlesex HA7 4LP. (2)Consultant, Prosthetic Rehabilitation Unit, R...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Knee-disarticulation.

Acta chirurgica Belgica | 1981 | Neff G

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 7. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2014 Feb;25(1):35-43. doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2013.09.013. Amputation surgery. Schnur D(1), Meier RH 3rd. Author information: (1)Plastic Surgery Clinic of Denver, Humboldt Street, Denver, CO 80218, USA. The best level of amputation must take into consideration the newest socket designs, methods of prosthetic suspension, and techno...