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Evidence Search

Search reputable indexed orthopaedic literature from multiple scholarly sources, classify the evidence, and link papers directly to wiki topics and cases.

Sources: PubMed, Europe PMC, Crossref

Linking results to Wiki: Ilizarov Technique — Principles
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Results are classified automatically from source metadata across PubMed, Europe PMC, and Crossref.
PubMed Crossref
PubMed Guideline / Consensus Evidence High

[Expert consensus on the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers using tibial transverse transport (2020)].

Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery | 2020 | 中国医师协会骨科医师分会中国骨搬移糖尿病足学组

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: 利益冲突声明：各作者声明无利益冲突。 8. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2010 Mar;92(2):101-5. doi: 10.1308/003588410X12518836439326. Ilizarov principles of deformity correction. Spiegelberg B(1), Parratt T, Dheerendra SK, Khan WS, Jennings R, Marsh DR. Author information: (1)University College London Institute of Orthopaedics and Musc...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Bone Transport Techniques-Classic (Ilizarov + Hexapod With Pins and Wires).

Journal of orthopaedic trauma | 2025 | Sontich JK, Watson JT, Albertson S

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: J. K. Sontich: Teaching and design consultant for Stryker Trauma Corporation. J. T. Watson: Intellectual Property rights Smith and Nephew. The remaining author reports no conflict of interest. 18. Foot Ankle Clin. 2009 Sep;14(3):563-87. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2009.03.007. Treatment of nonunion and malunion of trauma of the foot...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

The Ilizarov Technique: A Dynamic Solution for Orthopaedic Challenges.

Orthopaedic surgery | 2024 | Guan S, Du H, Wu Y, Qin S

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article. 4. J Child Orthop. 2016 Dec;10(6):585-592. doi: 10.1007/s11832-016-0789-6. Epub 2016 Nov 8. Humeral lengthening and deformity correction. Hosny GA(1). Author information...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Twenty Years Development of Tibial Cortex Transverse Transport Surgery in PR China.

Orthopaedic surgery | 2022 | Liu Z, Xu C, Yu YK, Tu DP

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 20. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2025 Aug 15;39(8):950-957. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.202504124. [Clinical advances in Ilizarov technique for foot and ankle trauma]. [Article in Chinese; Abstract available in Chinese from the publisher] Cai P(1), Fang X(1), Li J(1), Li Y(1), Zhang H(1). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic...

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Crossref Review Article Evidence Moderate

Tibial fibrous dysplasia in children treated by Ilizarov technique – a review of treatment options

Genij Ortopedii | 2021 | M.M. Bari, I. Shahidul, A. Tanvir, A.M. Shayan R. Bari

Fibrous dysplasia is a pathological condition, where normal medullary bone is replaced by fibrous tissue and small woven specules of bone. Fibrous dysplasia can occur in epiphysis, metaphysis or diaphysis. Occasionally, biopsy is necessary to establish the diagnosis. We present a review of operative treatment using the Ilizarov technique.

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Use of external fixation for juxta-articular fractures in children.

Injury | 2019 | Korobeinikov A, Popkov D

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 12. Osteoporos Int. 2011 Jun;22(6):2011-5. doi: 10.1007/s00198-011-1613-2. Bone lengthening (distraction osteogenesis): a literature review. Sailhan F(1). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hôpital Cochin, Paris-Descartes University, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France. fred.sailhan@wanadoo.fr Distraction osteogenesi...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

A Brief History of Limb Lengthening.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics | 2017 | Birch JG

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 6. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1992 Jan;22(1):19-43. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(92)50003-1. Instrumentation for external fixation. Egger EL(1). Author information: (1)Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins. External skeletal fixation is a very useful technique for...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

[Infected osteosynthesis].

Der Chirurg; Zeitschrift fur alle Gebiete der operativen Medizen | 2016 | Borens O, Helmy N

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. Orthop Surg. 2024 Sep;16(9):2111-2114. doi: 10.1111/os.14193. Epub 2024 Aug 27. The Ilizarov Technique: A Dynamic Solution for Orthopaedic Challenges. Guan S(1), Du H(2), Wu Y(2), Qin S(3). Author information: (1)Bay Area Foot and Ankle Medical Clinic, San Jose, California, USA. (2)Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Humeral lengthening and deformity correction.

Journal of children's orthopaedics | 2016 | Hosny GA

5. J Pediatr Orthop. 2017 Sep;37 Suppl 2:S1-S8. doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000001021. A Brief History of Limb Lengthening. Birch JG(1). Author information: (1)Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX. In the last 35 years, orthopaedic surgeons have witnessed 3 major advances in the technique of limb lengthening: "distraction osteogenesis" facilitated by Gavriil Ilizar...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

The Ilizarov paradigm: thirty years with the Ilizarov method, current concerns and future research.

International orthopaedics | 2013 | Gubin AV, Borzunov DY, Malkova TA

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 11. Injury. 2019 Jun;50 Suppl 1:S87-S94. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2019.03.043. Epub 2019 Mar 29. Use of external fixation for juxta-articular fractures in children. Korobeinikov A(1), Popkov D(2). Author information: (1)Russian Ilizarov Scientific Centre for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation. (2)Russian Ilizarov Scientific...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Bone lengthening (distraction osteogenesis): a literature review.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA | 2011 | Sailhan F

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 13. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2001 Jun;107(7):1812-27. doi: 10.1097/00006534-200106000-00029. Distraction osteogenesis of the craniofacial skeleton. McCarthy JG(1), Stelnicki EJ, Mehrara BJ, Longaker MT. Author information: (1)Variety Center for Craniofacial Rehabilitation, Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New Yor...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Novel classification of tibial hemimelia and reconstruction-guiding principles.

International orthopaedics | 2026 | Hosny GA, Elmesalamy N, Hussein MA, Abdelnaser A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declarations. We declare that this manuscript contains original work and has not been submitted, in whole or in part, for publication elsewhere. Ethical approval and informed consent: Ethical approval has been obtained for this article. The confidentiality of patient information was protected. The study was conducted in comp...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Ilizarov principles of deformity correction.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England | 2010 | Spiegelberg B, Parratt T, Dheerendra SK, Khan WS

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 9. Orthopade. 1996 Sep;25(5):478-83. doi: 10.1007/s001320050050. [Infected pseudarthrosis]. [Article in German] Kinzl L(1), Suger G. Author information: (1)Abteilung für Unfallchirurgie, Hand-, Plastische und Wiederherstellungschirurgie der Universität, Ulm. In open fractures the rate of infected non-union defects has in recent years decreased due to the i...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Treatment of nonunion and malunion of trauma of the foot and ankle using external fixation.

Foot and ankle clinics | 2009 | Molloy AP, Roche A, Narayan B

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 19. Orthop Surg. 2022 Jun;14(6):1034-1048. doi: 10.1111/os.13214. Epub 2022 May 7. Twenty Years Development of Tibial Cortex Transverse Transport Surgery in PR China. Liu Z(1), Xu C(1)(2), Yu YK(1), Tu DP(1), Peng Y(1), Zhang B(1). Author information: (1)The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China. (2)The Sec...

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PubMed Cohort / Comparative Study Evidence Moderate

Nonunion: general principles and experimental data.

Clinical orthopaedics and related research | 2004 | Rodriguez-Merchan EC, Forriol F

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 15. Clin Plast Surg. 1991 Jul;18(3):497-504. Bridging bone gaps with the Ilizarov technique. Biologic principles. Alonso JE(1), Regazzoni P. Author information: (1)Department of Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham. For the treatment of bone gaps of less than 4 cm, cancellous autografting remains the treatment of choice. But for gaps exceeding 4 cm,...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Distraction osteogenesis of the craniofacial skeleton.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery | 2001 | McCarthy JG, Stelnicki EJ, Mehrara BJ, Longaker MT

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 14. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004 Feb;(419):4-12. Nonunion: general principles and experimental data. Rodriguez-Merchan EC(1), Forriol F. Author information: (1)La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. rmerchan@arrakis.es Nonunions of long bone fractures can be treated successfully with one operative procedure in more than 90% of patients. In fact, 80% of...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Distraction osteogenesis.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice | 1999 | Welch RD, Lewis DD

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 2. Chirurg. 2016 Oct;87(10):822-30. doi: 10.1007/s00104-016-0272-4. [Infected osteosynthesis]. [Article in German] Borens O(1), Helmy N(2). Author information: (1)Abteilung für Traumatologie und Abteilung für Septische Chirurgie, Klinik für Orthopaedie und Traumtologie, Universitätsspital Lausanne - CHUV, Universität Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011, Lausa...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Instrumentation for external fixation.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice | 1992 | Egger EL

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 7. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2020 Aug 15;34(8):945-950. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.202003046. [Expert consensus on the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers using tibial transverse transport (2020)]. [Article in Chinese; Abstract available in Chinese from the publisher] 中国医师协会骨科医师分会中国骨搬移糖尿病足学组 . Ilizarov first reported the ti...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Bridging bone gaps with the Ilizarov technique. Biologic principles.

Clinics in plastic surgery | 1991 | Alonso JE, Regazzoni P

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 16. Int Orthop. 2026 Jul;50(7):1807-1823. doi: 10.1007/s00264-026-06910-3. Epub 2026 Jun 15. Novel classification of tibial hemimelia and reconstruction-guiding principles. Hosny GA(1), Elmesalamy N(2), Hussein MA(3), Abdelnaser A(1). Author information: (1)Benha University, Banhā, Egypt. (2)Benha National University, Obour City, Egypt. nour10503@med.bnu.e...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

[Infected pseudarthrosis].

Der Orthopade | 1996 | Kinzl L, Suger G

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 10. Int Orthop. 2013 Aug;37(8):1533-9. doi: 10.1007/s00264-013-1935-0. Epub 2013 May 28. The Ilizarov paradigm: thirty years with the Ilizarov method, current concerns and future research. Gubin AV(1), Borzunov DY, Malkova TA. Author information: (1)Russian Ilizarov Scientific Centre for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics, 6, M. Ulianova Street, Kurg...

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