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Evidence Search

Search reputable indexed orthopaedic literature from multiple scholarly sources, classify the evidence, and link papers directly to wiki topics and cases.

Sources: PubMed, Europe PMC, Crossref

Linking results to Wiki: AO Spine Thoracolumbar Classification
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Results are classified automatically from source metadata across PubMed, Europe PMC, and Crossref.
PubMed Crossref
PubMed Systematic Review / Meta-analysis Evidence High

How reliable is the distinction between thoracolumbar AO type A3 and A4 fractures? A systematic literature review.

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society | 2024 | Alabdallat YJ, Schroeder GD, Siddiqui S, Åkerstedt J

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 2. J Orthop Trauma. 2017 Sep;31 Suppl 4:S14-S23. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000000947. AOSpine Classification Systems (Subaxial, Thoracolumbar). Schnake KJ(1), Schroeder GD, Vaccaro AR, Oner C. Author information: (1)*Center for Spine and Scoliosis Surgery, Schön Klinik Nürnberg Fürth, Fürth, Germany; †Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Rothman Institute,...

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PubMed Systematic Review / Meta-analysis Evidence High

How does vertical laminar fracture impact the decision-making in thoracolumbar fractures? A systematic scoping review and meta-analysis.

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society | 2024 | Aly MM, Abdelwahab OA, Atteya MME, Al-Shoaibi AM

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 4. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2024 May;21(5):411-425. doi: 10.1080/17434440.2024.2341109. Epub 2024 Apr 10. Is open anterior advantageous to posterior decompression and reconstruction in fresh A(3) to C(3)/AO type thoracolumbar junction fractures? A systematic review. Korovessis P(1), Syrimpeis V(2), Korovesis A(3). Author information: (1)Orthopedics, General...

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PubMed Systematic Review / Meta-analysis Evidence High

Is open anterior advantageous to posterior decompression and reconstruction in fresh A(3) to C(3)/AO type thoracolumbar junction fractures? A systematic review.

Expert review of medical devices | 2024 | Korovessis P, Syrimpeis V, Korovesis A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 5. Clin Radiol. 2021 Dec;76(12):941.e1-941.e10. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.09.006. Epub 2021 Sep 25. Subaxial spine trauma: radiological approach and practical implications. Masson de Almeida Prado R(1), Masson de Almeida Prado JL(2), Ueta RHS(3), Guimarães JB(4), Yamada AF(5). Author information: (1)Department of Radiology, Federal University of Sao Paulo (...

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PubMed Systematic Review / Meta-analysis Evidence High

How frequently MRI modifies thoracolumbar fractures' classification or decision-making? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society | 2024 | Aly MM, Soliman Y, Elemam RA, Pizones J

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 15. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2017 Feb;43(1):9-17. doi: 10.1007/s00068-016-0753-7. Epub 2017 Jan 18. Percutaneous vertebral augmentation in fragility fractures-indications and limitations. Gonschorek O(1), Hauck S(2), Weiß T(2), Bühren V(2). Author information: (1)Department of Spine Surgery, BGU Trauma Center, Prof. Küntscher Str. 8, 82418, Murnau, Germany...

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PubMed Systematic Review / Meta-analysis Evidence High

Reliability and Validity of the AOSpine Thoracolumbar Injury Classification System: A Systematic Review.

Global spine journal | 2019 | Abedi A, Mokkink LB, Zadegan SA, Paholpak P

Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Disclosures outside of submitted work: ZB-consultancy: Xenco Medical, AO Spine; Research Support: SeaSpine (paid to the institution) JCW-JCW – Royalties – Biomet,...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

The Integrated Nerve, Discoligamentous Complex, and Vertebra Scoring System for Thoracolumbar Junction (TLJ) Injury.

Orthopaedic surgery | 2026 | Qiao H, Chen G, Du H, Cheng X

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. 9. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2025 Feb 27;35(4):529-539. doi: 10.1055/s-0045-1805025. eCollection 2025 Oct. Spine Trauma Classifications: Historical, Current, and Emerging Perspectives for Radiologists. Nandolia K(1), Saran S(1), Varshney G(1), Shirodkar K(2), Iyengar KP(3), Botchu...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Spine Trauma Classifications: Historical, Current, and Emerging Perspectives for Radiologists.

The Indian journal of radiology & imaging | 2025 | Nandolia K, Saran S, Varshney G, Shirodkar K

Conflict of interest statement: Conflict of Interest None declared. 10. J Spinal Cord Med. 2019 Jul;42(4):416-422. doi: 10.1080/10790268.2018.1433267. Epub 2018 Feb 7. A simplified treatment algorithm for treating thoracic and lumbar spine trauma. Joaquim AF(1), Patel AA(2), Schroeder GD(3), Vaccaro AR(3). Author information: (1)a Neurosurgery Division , State University of Cam...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Subaxial spine trauma: radiological approach and practical implications.

Clinical radiology | 2021 | Masson de Almeida Prado R, Masson de Almeida Prado JL, Ueta RHS, Guimarães JB

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 6. Vertebral Fracture. Whitney E(1), Alastra AJ. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–. 2023 Apr 3. Author information: (1)Arrowhead Neurosurgical Medical Group The vertebrae are bones in the spine joined by articulations that not only protect the spinal cord but also allow axial loading and support of the limbs....

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

[Minimally invasive posterior and anterior stabilization of the thoracolumbar spine after traumatic injuries].

Der Unfallchirurg | 2020 | Dreimann M, Stangenberg M, Eicker SO, Frosch KH

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 17. J Neurosurg Spine. 2023 Aug 11;39(5):700-708. doi: 10.3171/2023.6.SPINE23515. Print 2023 Nov 1. Characterization of the influence of spinopelvic parameters on thoracolumbar trauma. Withrow JS(1), Monterey MD(1), Narro A(1), Haley L(1), Martinez Cruz M(1), Budde B(1), Trimble D(1), Sheinberg D(1), Zaragoza J(1), Li W(2)(3), Li Z(4), Caridi J(5), Quinn J...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

A simplified treatment algorithm for treating thoracic and lumbar spine trauma.

The journal of spinal cord medicine | 2019 | Joaquim AF, Patel AA, Schroeder GD, Vaccaro AR

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 11. Global Spine J. 2019 Apr;9(2):231-242. doi: 10.1177/2192568218806847. Epub 2018 Oct 15. Reliability and Validity of the AOSpine Thoracolumbar Injury Classification System: A Systematic Review. Abedi A(1), Mokkink LB(2)(3), Zadegan SA(4), Paholpak P(5), Tamai K(6), Wang JC(1), Buser Z(1). Author information: (1)University of Southern California, Los Ang...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

AOSpine Classification Systems (Subaxial, Thoracolumbar).

Journal of orthopaedic trauma | 2017 | Schnake KJ, Schroeder GD, Vaccaro AR, Oner C

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. Eur Spine J. 2024 Apr;33(4):1556-1573. doi: 10.1007/s00586-024-08140-w. Epub 2024 Mar 2. How does vertical laminar fracture impact the decision-making in thoracolumbar fractures? A systematic scoping review and meta-analysis. Aly MM(1)(2), Abdelwahab OA(3), Atteya MME(4), Al-Shoaibi AM(5). Author information: (1)Department of Neurosurgery, Mansoura Univ...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Percutaneous vertebral augmentation in fragility fractures-indications and limitations.

European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society | 2017 | Gonschorek O, Hauck S, Weiß T, Bühren V

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 16. Unfallchirurg. 2020 Oct;123(10):752-763. doi: 10.1007/s00113-020-00860-0. [Minimally invasive posterior and anterior stabilization of the thoracolumbar spine after traumatic injuries]. [Article in German] Dreimann M(1), Stangenberg M(2), Eicker SO(3), Frosch KH(4), Viezens L(2). Author information: (1)Sektion Wirbelsäulenchirurgie, Klinik für Unfallchi...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Imaging evaluation of traumatic thoracolumbar spine injuries: Radiological review.

World journal of radiology | 2015 | Gamanagatti S, Rathinam D, Rangarajan K, Kumar A

13. Indian J Orthop. 2015 Jan-Feb;49(1):72-82. doi: 10.4103/0019-5413.143914. Management of thoracolumbar spine trauma: An overview. Rajasekaran S(1), Kanna RM(1), Shetty AP(1). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Spine Surgery, Ganga Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Thoracolumbar spine fractures are common injuries that can result in sig...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Vertebral Fracture.

Journal unavailable | 2026 | Whitney E, Alastra AJ

Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: Eric Whitney declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Anthony Alastra declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. 7. Global Spine J. 2022 Jul;12(6):1066-1073. doi: 10.1177/2192568220974339. Epub 2020 Dec 11. The Subaxial Cervical AO Spine Injury Score. Canseco JA(1...

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Crossref Journal Article Evidence Unclassified

Computed Tomography Fracture Patterns, Treatment Approaches, and AO Spine Thoracolumbar Injury Classification Concordance in Thoracolumbar Spine Trauma at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center

International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research | 2026 | Venance Petro, Felister Uisso, Honest Massawe, Adnan Sadiq

ABSTRACT Aim: This study evaluated computed tomography (CT) fracture patterns, treatment approaches, and the association between fracture patterns and management, while assessing concordance between AO thoracolumbar Injury severity score (AOSTSIC) recommendations and actual management among thoracolumbar trauma patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) from 2022 t...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Characterization of the influence of spinopelvic parameters on thoracolumbar trauma.

Journal of neurosurgery. Spine | 2023 | Withrow JS, Monterey MD, Narro A, Haley L

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 18. Int J Spine Surg. 2022 Aug;16(5):815-820. doi: 10.14444/8343. Epub 2022 Aug 31. Incidence and Associated Factors for Kyphosis Progression in Short-Segment Fixation Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures. Choovongkomol K(1), Piyapromdee U(2), Tanaviriyachai T(2), Jongkittanakul S(2), Sudprasert W(2). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mahar...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

The Subaxial Cervical AO Spine Injury Score.

Global spine journal | 2022 | Canseco JA, Schroeder GD, Paziuk TM, Karamian BA

Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. 8. Orthop Surg. 2026 Apr;18(4):733-744. doi: 10.1111/os.70280. Epub 2026 Mar 6. The Integrated Nerve, Discoligamentous Complex, and Vertebra Scoring System for Thoracolumbar...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Incidence and Associated Factors for Kyphosis Progression in Short-Segment Fixation Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures.

International journal of spine surgery | 2022 | Choovongkomol K, Piyapromdee U, Tanaviriyachai T, Jongkittanakul S

Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work. 19. EFORT Open Rev. 2018 Nov 19;3(11):604-613. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170026. eCollection 2018 Nov. Percutaneous fixation of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures. Sebaaly A(1)(2), Rizkallah M(1), Riouallon G(3), Wang Z(2), Moreau PE(3), Bachour F(1), Ma...

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Crossref Journal Article Evidence Unclassified

Operative versus Non-Operative Management of Traumatic Thoracolumbar Injuries according to the AO Spine Thoracolumbar Spine Injury Classification System

Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia: Brazilian Neurosurgery | 2020 | Andrei F. Joaquim

AbstractIntroduction The AOSpine Thoracolumbar Spine Injury Classification (AOSTSIC) system has been proposed to better characterize injury morphologies and improve the classification of thoracolumbar (TL) spine trauma. However, the indications for surgical treatment according to the AOSTSIC system are still debated. Additionally, the proposed Thoracolumbar AOSpine Injury Score...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Percutaneous fixation of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures.

EFORT open reviews | 2018 | Sebaaly A, Rizkallah M, Riouallon G, Wang Z

Conflict of interest statement: ICMJE Conflict of interest statement: G. Riouallon declares payment for speaking and/or teaching and travel costs from Medtronic, activity outside the submitted work. 20. Indian J Orthop. 2014 Nov;48(6):568-73. doi: 10.4103/0019-5413.144219. Thoracolumbar fracture dislocations treated by posterior reduction, interbody fusion and segmental instrum...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Management of thoracolumbar spine trauma: An overview.

Indian journal of orthopaedics | 2015 | Rajasekaran S, Kanna RM, Shetty AP

Conflict of interest statement: Conflict of Interest: None. 14. Eur Spine J. 2024 Apr;33(4):1540-1549. doi: 10.1007/s00586-023-08087-4. Epub 2024 Feb 12. How frequently MRI modifies thoracolumbar fractures' classification or decision-making? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aly MM(1)(2), Soliman Y(3), Elemam RA(4), Pizones J(5), Alzahrani A(6), Elwatidy S(7). Author infor...

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