Utility of serum tumor markers as an aid in the differential diagnosis of patients with clinical suspicion of cancer and in patients with cancer of unknown primary site.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. Tumour Biol. 2015 Nov;36(11):8559-71. doi: 10.1007/s13277-015-3616-7. Epub 2015 Jun 3. Metallothionein 2A core promoter region genetic polymorphism and its impact on the risk, tumor behavior, and recurrences of sinonasal inverted papilloma (Schneiderian papilloma). Starska K(1), Bryś M(2), Forma E(2), Olszewski J(3), Pietkiewicz P(3), Lewy-Trenda I(4), Stasikowska-Kanicka O(4), Danilewicz M(4), Krześlak A(2). Author information: (1)I Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Medical University of Łódź, Kopcinskiego 22, 90-153, Łódź, Poland. katarzyna.starska@umed.lodz.pl. (2)Department of Cytobiochemistry, University of Łódź, Pomorska 142/143, 90-236, Łódź, Poland. (3)II Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Medical University of Łódź, Żeromskiego 113, 90-549, Łódź, Poland. (4)Department of Pathology, Medical University of Łódź, Pomorska 251, 92-213, Łódź, Poland. Inverted papillomas are a unique group of locally aggressive benign epithelial neoplasms in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses arising from the Schneiderian mucosa. Metallothioneins are sulfhydryl-rich heavy metal-binding proteins required for metal toxicity protection and regulation of biological mechanisms including proliferation and invasion. The goal of this study was to identify three SNPs at loci -5 A/G (rs28366003) and -209 A/G (rs1610216) in the core promoter region and at locus +838 C/G (rs10636) in 3'UTR region of the MT2A gene with IP risk and with tumor invasiveness according to Krouse staging. Genotyping was performed using the PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism technique in 130 genetically unrelated IP individuals, and 418 randomly selected healthy volunteers. The presence of the rs28366003 SNP was significantly related to the risk of IP within the present population-based case-control study. Compared to homozygous common allele carriers, heterozygosity and homozygosity for the G variant had a significantly increased risk of IP (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 7.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.01-14.91, p(dominant)