Bone grafts and their substitutes.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 13. Periodontol 2000. 2024 Feb;94(1):213-230. doi: 10.1111/prd.12533. Epub 2023 Oct 12. Ion incorporation into bone grafting materials. Zhao Q(1)(2)(3), Ni Y(1)(2)(3), Wei H(1)(2)(3), Duan Y(1)(2)(3), Chen J(1)(2)(3), Xiao Q(1)(2)(3), Gao J(1)(2)(3), Yu Y(1)(2)(3), Cui Y(1)(2)(3), Ouyang S(1)(2)(3), Miron RJ(4), Zhang Y(1)(2)(3), Wu C(5). Author information: (1)State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. (2)Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. (3)School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. (4)Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. (5)State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. The use of biomaterials in regenerative medicine has expanded to treat various disorders caused by trauma or disease in orthopedics and dentistry. However, the treatment of large and complex bone defects presents a challenge, leading to a pressing need for optimized biomaterials for bone repair. Recent advances in chemical sciences have enabled the incorporation of therapeutic ions into bone grafts to enhance their performance. These ions, such as strontium (for bone regeneration/osteoporosis), copper (for angiogenesis), boron (for bone growth), iron (for chemotaxis), cobalt (for B12 synthesis), lithium (for osteogenesis/cementogenesis), silver (for antibacterial resistance), and magnesium (for bone and cartilage regeneration), among others (e.g., zinc, sodium, and silica), have been studied extensively. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge and recent developments in ion incorporation into biomaterials for bone and periodontal tissue repair. It also discusses recently developed biomaterials from a basic design and clinical application perspective. Additionally, the review highlights the importance of precise ion introduction into biomaterials to address existing limitations and challenges in combination therapies. Future prospects and opportunities for the development and optimization of biomaterials for bone tissue engineering are emphasized. © 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. DOI: 10.1111/prd.12533