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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Outcomes of isolated patellofemoral arthroplasty.

Journal of ISAKOS : joint disorders & orthopaedic sports medicine | 2024 | Cardenas C, Wascher DC

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Source
PubMed
Type
Narrative Review
Evidence
Moderate

Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Daniel C Wascher reports a relationship with International Society of Arthroscopy Knee Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine that includes: board membership. Daniel C. Wascher, M.D. Deputy Editor - American Journal of Sports Medicine Associate Editor - Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 5. Can J Surg. 2019 Feb 1;62(1):57-65. doi: 10.1503/cjs.001617. Understanding the patellofemoral joint in total knee arthroplasty. Matz J(1), Lanting BA(1), Howard JL(1). Author information: (1)From the Division of Orthopedic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont. (Matz, Lanting, Howard). Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most successful procedures in orthopedic surgery. Nevertheless, postoperative patellofemoral complications remain a challenging problem, affecting a substantial proportion of patients. Complications involving the patellofemoral joint (PFJ) can occur in both resurfaced and nonresurfaced patellae. Types of PFJ complications include anterior knee pain, maltracking, fracture, avascular necrosis and patellar clunk. The causes of patellofemoral complications can be categorized into patient-, surgeon- and implant-related factors. Patient characteristics such as female sex, young age, depression and increased body mass index have been linked with increased complications. Important technical considerations to avoid complications include achieving appropriate rotational alignment of the femoral and tibial components, maintaining joint line height, medializing the patellar button and avoiding “overstuffing” the PFJ. Component design features such as conformity, shape and depth of the femoral trochlea have also been shown to be important. Although the cause of patellofemoral complications after TKA may sometimes be unknown, it remains important to minimize errors that can lead to these complications. Publisher: La prothèse totale du genou (PTG) est l’une des interventions qui réussit le mieux en chirurgie orthopédique. Les complications fémoro-patellaires postopératoires n’en restent pas moins un problème complexe qui affecte une proportion substantielle de patients. Les complications affectant l’articulation fémoro-patellaire (AFP) peuvent survenir en présence de rotules resurfacées ou non. Les types de complications de l’AFP incluent, douleur au devant du genou, défaut d’alignement, fracture, nécrose avasculaire et accrochage rotulien. Les causes des complications fémoro-patellaires peuvent appartenir à diverses catégories selon qu’elles sont liées au patient, au chirurgien ou à la prothèse elle-même. Des caractéristiques liées aux patients, comme le fait d’être de sexe féminin, le jeune âge, la dépression et un indice de masse corporelle élevé, sont associées à une hausse des complications. Les enjeux techniques importants pour éviter les complications incluent : obtenir un alignement rotationnel approprié des éléments fémoraux et tibiaux, maintenir la hauteur de la ligne articulaire, médialiser le bouton patellaire et éviter d’encombrer l’AFP. Les caractéristiques de la modélisation des éléments, comme la conformité, la forme et la profondeur de la trochlée fémorale se sont aussi révélées importantes. Même si la cause des complications fémoro-patellaires post-PTG est parfois inconnue, il est important de prévenir les erreurs susceptibles de mener à de telles complications. © 2019 Joule Inc. or its licensors DOI: 10.1503/cjs.001617 PMCID: PMC6351265

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