The Femoral Neck System versus the Dynamic Hip Screw in patients with a femoral neck fracture: 2-year follow-up of a multicenter study.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of competing interest No conflict of interest or competing interests to declare 14. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2022 Sep 15;36(9):1078-1083. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.202204035. [Characteristics of femoral neck fractures in young and middle-aged adults based on fracture mapping technology]. [Article in Chinese; Abstract available in Chinese from the publisher] Wang Y(1)(2), Xu Z(1)(2), Li P(1)(2), Zhang Y(3), Su Z(1)(2), Ni M(2)(4). Author information: (1)School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China. (2)Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, P. R. China. (3)Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, P. R. China. (4)Department of Science Development, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of femoral neck fractures in young and middle-aged adults by means of medical image analysis and fracture mapping technology to provide reference for fracture treatment. METHODS: A clinical data of 159 young and middle-aged patients with femoral neck fractures who were admitted between December 2018 and July 2019 was analyzed. Among them, 99 patients were male and 60 were female. The age ranged from 18 to 60 years, with an average age of 47.9 years. There were 77 cases of left femoral neck fractures and 82 cases of right sides. Based on preoperative X-ray film and CT, the fracture morphology was observed and classified according to the Garden classification standard and Pauwels' angle, respectively. Mimics19.0 software was used to reconstruct the three-dimensional models of femoral neck fracture, measure the angle between the fracture plane and the sagittal plane of the human body, and observe whether there was any defect at the fracture end and its position on the fracture surface. Through reconstruction, virtual reduction, and image overlay, the fracture map was established to observe the fracture line and distribution. RESULTS: According to Garden classification standard, there were 6 cases of type Ⅰ, 61 cases of type Ⅱ, 54 cases of type Ⅲ, and 38 cases of type Ⅳ. According to the Pauwels' angle, there were 12 cases of abduction type, 78 cases of intermediate type, and 69 cases of adduction type. The angle between fracture plane and sagittal plane of the human body ranged from -39° to +30°. Most of them were Garden type Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Pauwels intermediate type. The fracture blocks were mainly in the form of a triangle with a long base and mainly distributed below the femoral head and neck junction area. Twenty-six cases (16.35%) were complicated with bone defects, which were mostly found in Garden type Ⅲ, Ⅳ, and Pauwels intermediate type, located at the back of femoral neck and mostly involved 2-4 quadrants. The fracture map showed that the fracture line of the femoral neck was distributed annularly along the femoral head and neck junction. The fracture line was dense above the femoral neck and scattered below, involving the femoral calcar. CONCLUSION: The proportion of displaced fractures (Garden type Ⅲ, Ⅳ) and unstable fractures (Pauwels intermediate type, adduction type) is high in femoral neck fractures in young and middle-aged adults, and comminuted fractures and bone defects further increase the difficulty of treatment. In clinical practice, it is necessary to choose treatment plan according to fracture characteristics. Anatomic reduction and effective fixation are the primary principles for the treatment of femoral neck fracture in young and middle-aged adults. Publisher: 目的: 通过医学影像分析和骨折地图技术对青壮年股骨颈骨折特征进行分析，为临床治疗提供参考。. 方法: 以2018年12月—2019年7月收治且符合选择标准的159例青壮年股骨颈骨折患者作为研究对象。其中，男99例，女60例；年龄18～60岁，平均47.9岁。骨折侧别：左侧77例，右侧82例。基于术前X线片及CT，观察骨折形态并根据Pauwels角及Garden分型标准分型；采用Mimics19.0图像处理软件重建股骨颈骨折三维模型，测量骨折面与人体矢状面夹角，观察骨折端有无缺损及其在断面位置；通过重建、虚拟复位和图像叠加，建立骨折地图，观察骨折线走行及分布情况。. 结果: 股骨颈骨折根据Garden分型标准：Ⅰ型6例，Ⅱ型61例，Ⅲ型54例，Ⅳ型38例；根据Pauwels角：外展型12例，中间型78例，内收型69例。骨折面与人体矢状面夹角为−39°～ +30°。粉碎性骨折13例（8.18%），多为Garden Ⅱ、Ⅳ型和Pauwels中间型骨折，骨折块多呈宽基底三角形，主要分布于股骨头颈交界区下方。合并骨缺损26例（16.35%），多为Garden Ⅲ、Ⅳ型和Pauwels 中间型骨折，位于股骨颈后侧且大多累及2～4个象限。骨折地图示股骨颈骨折线沿头颈交界区环形分布，股骨颈上方骨折线密集，下方分散，可累及股骨距。. 结论: 青壮年股骨颈骨折中移位骨折（Garden Ⅲ、Ⅳ型）和不稳定骨折（Pauwels 中间型、内收型）比例高，粉碎性骨折和骨缺损进一步增加了治疗难度。临床上需要依据骨折特征确定治疗方案，对骨折进行解剖复位和有效固定。. DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202204035 PMCID: PMC9626303