A review for solitary plasmacytoma of bone and extramedullary plasmacytoma.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 19. J Oral Pathol Med. 2025 Sep;54(8):621-627. doi: 10.1111/jop.70011. Epub 2025 Jul 28. Jaw Solitary Plasmacytoma of Bone and Oral Extramedullary Plasmacytoma: Literature Review. Alabdulaaly L(1)(2)(3), Sroussi H(1)(2), Villa A(4)(5)(6). Author information: (1)Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. (2)Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. (3)Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. (4)Oral Medicine, Oral Oncology and Dentistry, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, Florida, USA. (5)Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine and Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA. (6)Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. INTRODUCTION: Plasmacytoma is the second most common hematolymphoid neoplasm in the oral cavity. It can present in the bone as solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) or in the soft tissues as extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP). Our goal was to summarize the reported cases of SBP affecting jaw bones and EMP affecting the oral soft tissues. METHODS: We searched the literature on PubMed, Ovid, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases and included jaw (gnathic) SBP and oral EMP publications from January 2000 to May 2024. RESULTS: We identified 161 cases of jaw SBP and oral EMP. The median age was 58 years, with 54.7% males. Male predilection was seen in oral EMP (87.5%) but not jaw SBP (48.9%). The median lesion duration was shorter for oral EMP (3 months) compared to jaw SBP (6 months). Oral EMP was more likely to be asymptomatic than jaw SBP (47.1% vs. 19.4%, respectively). The most common location for jaw SBP was the mandible (70.8%) and the gingiva and tonsils were the oral sites mostly affected by oral EMP (29.2% each). One-third of cases received radiation therapy. Remission was seen in 73.3% of oral EMP cases and 35.4% of jaw SBP. CONCLUSIONS: It is important for oral health providers to be aware of the clinical presentations of jaw SBP and oral EMP. Jaw SBP and oral EMP differed clinically and prognostically based on the reported cases. This underscores the importance of correct diagnosis and differentiating the two entities. © 2025 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. DOI: 10.1111/jop.70011