Fractures of the femoral neck: a review and personal statement.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. Radiographics. 2015 Sep-Oct;35(5):1563-84. doi: 10.1148/rg.2015140301. Epub 2015 Jul 17. Proximal Femoral Fractures: What the Orthopedic Surgeon Wants to Know. Sheehan SE(1), Shyu JY(1), Weaver MJ(1), Sodickson AD(1), Khurana B(1). Author information: (1)From the Department of Radiology, Division of Emergency Radiology (S.E.S., J.Y.S., A.D.S., B.K.), and Department of Orthopedic Surgery (M.J.W.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115. Erratum in Radiographics. 2015 Sep-Oct;35(5):1624. doi: 10.1148/rg.2015154017. Each year, more than 250,000 hip fractures occur in the United States, resulting in considerable patient mortality and morbidity. The various types of adult proximal femoral fractures require different treatment strategies that depend on a variety of considerations, including the location, morphologic features, injury mechanism, and stability of the fracture, as well as the patient's age and baseline functional status. The authors discuss femoral head, femoral neck, intertrochanteric, and subtrochanteric fractures in terms of injury mechanisms, specific anatomic and biomechanical features, and important diagnostic and management considerations, including the diagnostic utility of imaging modalities. The authors review clinically important classification systems, such as the Pipkin, Garden, Pauwels, and Evans-Jensen classification systems, with emphasis on differentiating subchondral insufficiency fractures from avascular necrosis of the femoral head and typical subtrochanteric fractures from atypical (often bisphosphonate-related) subtrochanteric fractures. In addition, the authors describe the potential complications and management strategies for each fracture type on the basis of the patient's age and physical condition. A clear understanding of these considerations allows the radiologist to better provide appropriate and relevant diagnostic information and management guidance to the orthopedic surgeon. (©)RSNA, 2015. DOI: 10.1148/rg.2015140301